The Bogorodskoe district got its name from a small village that was located on the left bank of the Yauza River until the mid-19th century. The history of the village dates back to the 14th century when it was called Alymovо, but exact data about the landowners of that time is lacking. It is known that in 1568 the settlement was transferred to the Chudov Monastery, and it remained under its ownership until 1764 when it was secularized and came under the management of the College of Economics. An important moment in the history of Bogorodskoe occurred in the second half of the 19th century when local peasants were the first in the Moscow region to pay off their redemption payments and sold most of their lands. Some moved to other places, while others stayed and worked for the new owners. Active construction of summer cottages began on the site of the village, and by 1880 there were about 200 new houses in the area. Many representatives of the intelligentsia vacationed here, such as the artist I.I. Shishkin and composers P.I. Tchaikovsky, M.A. Balakirev, and A.P. Borodin. Infrastructure developed around the cottages: grocery stores, a restaurant, and a summer theater opened.

At the same time, various enterprises, mainly textile and dyeing factories, appeared in the area. The first large enterprise was a rubber factory built in 1888 and transformed in 1910 into the joint-stock company 'Bogatyr,' later known as 'Krasny Bogatyr.'

Bogorodskoe officially became part of the city in 1902. At that time, the first stone houses began to be built, and a tram line was laid. By 1917, the district's border ran along the modern Rokossovsky Boulevard. The main street was Bolshaya Bogorodskaya, which arose on the site of the village tract. In 1880, a wooden church of the Transfiguration was consecrated near it, initiated by local residents. The project was developed by architect N.A. Ipatiev. Initially, the church was affiliated with the village of Cherkizovo, but as the population grew, it gained independence, and plans for its expansion emerged. In 1896, according to the project by architect F.P. Skomoroshchenko, a wooden gallery with two chapels was added to the church. Opposite the church, a building for the church parish school was constructed.

The church is executed in the 'Neo-Russian' style, inspired by ancient Russian architecture and folk art. The wooden building of the church is plastered and painted pink. The composition is dominated by two verticals: the completion of the main church and the two-tiered bell tower. The main volume is topped with an octagonal tent and a light drum with a gilded onion dome and cross. The bell tower has a tent roof, above which rises a quadrangular drum with a dome and cross. The windows and facades are adorned with wooden carvings.

Clergy of the Transfiguration Church were buried in the Bogorodskoe cemetery, and some graves have been preserved. In the early 20th century, a stone church in the Neo-Russian style was built on the site of the wooden chapel, serving as a monument of history and culture.

The church was not closed during the Soviet era, although its territory was reduced. In 1954, the church suffered from a fire that destroyed much of the painting and iconostases. Restoration began under the guidance of architect E.A. Chernikov, and repair and restoration work was also carried out in the early 1990s.