Information about the building

The Spiridov-Ryukhardt city estate, later the O.G. von Shiman clinic, was built in the 19th century and is an important cultural heritage site and historical monument. The architectural ensemble was designed by S. Voskresensky and V. Kossov.

In the 18th century, large noble estates were located here, including the properties of A.A. Goncharov and the Khovansky princes. In the second half of the 18th century, the estates began to be divided into smaller plots, and their owners often changed. The Spiridov estate was located on the territory that belonged to A.F. Khovansky in the mid-18th century.

In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the estate belonged to M.G. Spiridov, a well-known historian of Russian nobility. Later, the mansion was acquired by the Ryukhardt couple, and then it was rented by Dr. O. von Shiman, who opened a private clinic here. Among the patients were the husband and brother of Marina Tsvetaeva, as well as the Efron brothers. During the Soviet era, the building was used as a tuberculosis dispensary.

In the fire of 1812, all wooden structures in the Zayauzya quarter burned down. New buildings appeared in 1817-1818. Until the end of the 19th century, the development retained its estate character, which has hardly changed to this day, preserving the atmosphere of Moscow from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The estate is one of the best-preserved properties.

The property was finally formed from three historical plots (No. 358-360), which made up the northwestern part of Prince A.F. Khovansky's courtyard. In 1753, there were five small one-story buildings here. In the 1770s-1780s, the courtyard of the chief secretary of the Senate A.I. Teryaev was located here.

In the center of the estate stood a large wooden house, probably the main house of the estate. To the west and northwest of it were two more wooden buildings and a pond. In the northeast corner of the courtyard was a stone L-shaped building with a stable and carriage house, and symmetrically to it, a wooden wing.

From the 1790s to the 1810s, Senator M.G. Spiridov lived in the estate with his family and servants. In 1795, permission was granted to build two small wooden wings, shown on the 1796 plan.

In 1818, the estate, owned by P.I. Chelishchev, was divided into two parts and sold to merchants. The owners included E.D. Fedulova, A.I. Petukhova, F.A. Khatykov, and A.I. Tikhomirov, who sold the courtyard to F.K. Ryukhardt in 1894.

In 1897-1898, the owner built a stone two-story house in the center of the courtyard in the Art Nouveau style with elements of neo-Gothic and neoclassicism. The project was developed by S.F. Voskresensky. In 1900, a stone terrace was added, and a metal fence was installed. One section of the fence from 1900 has survived to this day.

In 1910, F.K. Ryukhardt sold the estate to E.I. MacGill, who rented it out to Dr. von Shiman for a clinic. All buildings were adapted for the needs of the clinic. From August 2, 1914, the clinic became part of the Evangelical field hospital of the Red Cross. After the revolution, it housed an anti-tuberculosis dispensary.

Reconstruction and Restoration

The estate was in critical condition for a long time, and restoration work began in 2016. By early 2018, the estate was fully restored.

During the restoration, copper domes, staircase railings, parapets, and stucco decor of the facades and interiors were restored. The vaults of the basements and wooden windows were repaired. The entrances were decorated with panel doors.

The interior finishing is made of Mettlach tiles, oak parquet, and marble. The wrought iron fence and gates were also reconstructed.

Currently, the Spiridov-Ryukhardt estate has been restored and beautifies the city.

Modern Purpose

Today, it houses the Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Radiology, while building 4 is rented by an ambulance station.

The existing buildings include the main mansion, residential wings, and service buildings.