Nikolai Nikolaevich Dukhonin, born on December 1, 1876, in Smolensk Province and killed on November 20, 1917, in Mogilev, was a Russian military leader and lieutenant general. In November and December 1917, he served as the acting Supreme Commander of the Russian Army.

In September 1917, Dukhonin was appointed chief of staff to the commander-in-chief. After Kerensky fled revolutionary Petrograd, 40-year-old Dukhonin took on the duties of commander-in-chief of the Russian Army. Despite the opportunity to leave Mogilev, where the headquarters was located, and head to the Don, he remained in place. According to A.I. Denikin, Dukhonin was an honest man who understood his duty in the face of the enemy and remained true to it. Ultimately, he awaited the arrival of the Red Army in Mogilev. He was replaced by ensign Krylenko, and on November 20 (December 3) 1917, Dukhonin was killed by a crowd of revolutionary soldiers and sailors at the station in front of Krylenko's carriage. After this, the expression 'to send to Dukhonin's headquarters' emerged, meaning to take a life.

Dukhonin was buried in Kyiv, at the northeast corner of the new Catherine Church at Lukyanivske Cemetery.