In the house that now houses the museum, from 1916 to 1968 lived the outstanding organic chemist and founder of the chemistry of organophosphorus compounds, academician Alexander Erminingeldovich Arbuzov (1877-1968). Until 1955, the family of his elder son, the renowned chemist, academician Boris Alexandrovich Arbuzov (1903-1991), also lived here.

The uniqueness of the museum lies in the preservation of the authentic domestic environment, which has remained unchanged since the time the Arbuzov family lived there. The exhibition features furniture, a library, paintings by A.E. Arbuzov, photographs, correspondence of the scientists with relatives and colleagues, manuscripts of scientific articles and speeches, as well as original documents. All this allows visitors to immerse themselves in the atmosphere of the time in which the Arbuzov family lived and to better understand the biographies of these remarkable individuals. Visitors can explore the memorial rooms, such as the living room, dining room, B.A. Arbuzov's study, kitchen, and bedroom, as well as the veranda, decorative garden, and a room with an additional exhibition dedicated to the life and activities of A.E. and B.A. Arbuzov.

The museum's collection is organized by individuals: A.E. Arbuzov, his elder son B.A. Arbuzov, younger son Y.A. Arbuzov, daughter I.A. Arbuzova, K.L. Myufke, a renowned architect, and other close relatives and scholars. The personalities of the Arbuzov academicians, their human qualities, habits, literary and musical interests, as well as family traditions and relationships with relatives, particularly interest visitors.

A separate section titled "Kazan, the Cradle of Russian Organic Chemistry" demonstrates the continuity of traditions, starting from the founders of the scientific field, Zinin and Klaus, to the present day.

The museum building, constructed around 1913, is an example of an urban estate in the style of Russian eclecticism or modernism. It has not undergone reconstruction, preserving all architectural details, internal layout, and room finishes. Before the revolution, the house belonged to M.D. Alexeeva, the niece of the famous Russian artist I.I. Shishkin.