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The Dolgorukovs' House

Фото 1
The property at the corner of Prechistenka and Sechenovsky Lane has a complex shape, as it was formed by the merging of smaller plots over three centuries.

In 1772-1773, Major General Mikhail Nikitich Krechetnikov acquired neighboring estates on Prechistenka and built an urban manor with a main house and two wings. Two horseshoe-shaped stone service buildings bordered the courtyard. After his death, the estate was purchased by Princess E. A. Dolgorukova, and until the 1840s, it belonged to her son Prince A.N. Dolgorukov. His three sons were quite well-known. The eldest, Ilya Andreevich, was a member of early Decembrist societies and mentioned in the poems of A.S. Pushkin as "cautious Ilya." The middle son, Vasily, headed the III Department of the Imperial Chancellery but resigned after the assassination attempt by Karakozov on Alexander II, believing he had failed in his duties. The youngest, Vladimir, served as the Moscow Governor-General from 1865 to 1891.

Between 1797 and 1799, galleries were built over the gates between the main house and the wings, creating a unified elongated volume. The drawings of the updated building were included in M.F. Kazakov's "Architectural Albums." The fire of 1812 spared the estate. Researchers believe that the restoration was handled by architect F.I. Kamportzi. This is confirmed by the text of a contract from 1816, which states: "...all this construction is to be carried out and doors made by the order of architect Kamportzi and according to his given drawing." By 1816, the restoration was mostly completed. Some rooms on the first floor were rented out as workshops and shops.

In 1846, the estate was purchased by official I.V. Lavrentyev, who acquired the neighboring plot and rented everything out. The main house was occupied by the 1st Moscow Gymnasium, then by the school for land surveyors.

In the mid-1850s, the estate was almost entirely transferred to Ensign N.P. Voeykov, who rented the house to the Alexander-Mariinsky School of the Prechistenka branch of the Guardianship of the Poor in Moscow, founded by V.E. Chertova. The locals nicknamed the institution "the devil's school." Soon, the estate became the property of the school, which underwent repairs, a reorganization of the main house, and the establishment of a chapel dedicated to the Protection of the Mother of God.

In the 1870s, the layout of the property was changed, in particular, a new school garden was created, for which florist Fomin received a gold medal. The old service building was raised to two, and partially to three stories.

Numerous alterations followed, with architects N.I. Finisov, A.O. Gunst, and N.D. Strukov making their changes. In 1899, the school became the Alexander-Mariinsky Institute named after the lady of honor V.E. Chertova and was transferred to the military department. The institute, which was located here until 1917, was intended for the education of the daughters of officers of the Moscow Military District. The patroness was Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna. They trained educators for primary schools and home tutors, as well as teachers.

In the early 20th century, the property underwent significant changes due to the need to expand the institute and the dilapidation of the buildings. Two three-story buildings were added to the main house according to the design of architect N.D. Strukov.

During the Soviet era, the former property of the institute was occupied by military department institutions. Before the relocation of the RKKA Academy here in 1921, the building was reconfigured and renovated.

From 1998 to 2000, restoration work was carried out in the main house. Since March 2001, the Museum and Exhibition Complex of the Russian Academy of Arts "Zurab Tsereteli Arts Gallery" has been operating here.

Geo point

Дом Долгоруковых

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