The biography of Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky began in the village of Izhevskoe, near Ryazan. His father, Eduard Ignatievich, worked as a forester, while his mother, Maria Ivanovna, took care of the children and household chores.

In 1860, the family moved to the provincial center, where his mother taught her sons to read and write. In 1868, they changed their residence again, moving to Vyatka so that the children could attend gymnasium. At the age of nine, Konstantin fell ill with scarlet fever, which led to lifelong deafness. That same year, his older brother Dmitry died, and a year later, his mother.

These events affected his studies and the development of his deafness. In 1873, due to poor academic performance, Konstantin was expelled from gymnasium, and he continued his education independently by reading books.

At 16, Tsiolkovsky moved to Moscow, where he studied chemistry, mechanics, astronomy, and mathematics, visiting the Chertkov Library. There, he met N. F. Fyodorov, who developed the ideas of Russian cosmism. Konstantin almost completely lost his hearing and wore a hearing aid.

He spent all his money on books, and when the funds ran out, he returned to Vyatka in 1876, where he worked as a tutor. He aimed to explain the workings of mechanisms visually, creating them himself. Due to constant reading, he developed myopia and began to wear glasses.

In 1878, Tsiolkovsky returned to Ryazan, where he passed exams and received a teaching diploma. His biography includes tragic moments: the fire of 1887 and the flooding of his house in spring, when important works and property were lost.

He dedicated his free time to studying the theory of aerostats, presenting his findings in the work "Theory and Experience of the Aerostat" in 1885-1886.

In 1892, Tsiolkovsky moved to Kaluga, where he engaged in space sciences and taught arithmetic and geometry. He built a tunnel to study jet propulsion and created a work on cosmic biology, believing in the future of astronautics.

Funds for experiments were not always sufficient, and he sought support from the Physical and Chemical Society, but was denied. Only when his experiments began to yield results was he allocated 470 rubles.

In 1895, he wrote "Dreams of Earth and Sky," and a year later, "Exploration of Cosmic Space Using a Jet Engine," ahead of scientific thought by more than half a century.

His works attracted the attention of the Soviet government, and in 1919 he was arrested, but soon his achievements were recognized, and he was provided with working conditions and a lifetime pension.

Tsiolkovsky died in Kaluga in 1935 from stomach cancer.