The first church in Boldovo was built in the mid-18th century after all the villagers were baptized. In the second half of the 19th century, it was decided to build a second wooden church, but it turned out to be too cramped and inconvenient for the parishioners. In 1871, priest I. Kolokolov convinced the peasants to start the construction of a stone church. The foundation stone was laid on July 2, 1872, and on that day, people donated significant sums of money and 1500 arshins of canvas for building materials. Later, due to a lack of funds, parishioners donated grain and cloth, and the proceeds were used to continue construction.

The construction work was completed in 1878, costing 40 thousand rubles. By the autumn of 1879, the iconostasis for the summer part of the church was ready, which contemporaries considered to be of very high quality. Among the icons were four works by academician I. K. Makarov. Expensive Bemskoe glass was used for glazing. On October 7, 1879, the winter Ascension Church was consecrated, and in 1880-82, the Kazan chapel and the main summer church in honor of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker were consecrated. The Nicholas Church, built in the neo-Russian style with one dome under a tented roof, was distinguished by its elegance and noble beauty.

During the Soviet era, the church was requisitioned, turned into a warehouse, and partially destroyed; the chapels and bell tower were demolished. In the early 1960s, the assault on the church was so strong that only 14 functioning churches remained in Mordovia, including 3 prayer houses. At this time, the destruction of surviving churches began: not only walls were demolished, but foundations were also uprooted. Churches in Chazminka, Boldovo, and dozens of other villages were completely destroyed. The authorities did not even use the churches as warehouses or clubs, but simply destroyed them.

According to an expert review in 1974, a Passport of the architectural monument was drawn up for the Nicholas Church, but the ruins of the church were not placed under state protection. Initially, services were held in a small house next to the church. In 1996, Bishop Varsanofiy consecrated the altar of the church in honor of the Ascension of the Lord.