The first church, built in the 17th century and consecrated in honor of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker, was wooden and had fallen into disrepair by the early 19th century. In 1824, with funds from parishioners and the provincial department, a stone church was erected in Belavka in honor of the Ascension of the Lord, with a chapel dedicated to Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker. In memory of the old church, a chapel was established, which has not survived to this day. The building, elongated along the west-east axis, is topped with a dome on a large drum, and the walls of the single-apsidal altar are decorated with horizontal rustication. The windows are finished with arches. Above the western entrance rises a tiered bell tower, built with the blessing of Bishop Vladimir II of Nizhny Novgorod and Arzamas. On July 4, 1894, permission was granted to extend the church by three fathoms. The tiered bell tower is topped with a small dome and a cross, installed in 2012. The northern and southern facades are adorned with porticos featuring paired Doric order pilasters and broken triangular pediments.

Since 1880, the church was served by Priest Khariton Ivanovich Nevsky, born in 1848 in Balakhna to a protodeacon family. After graduating from the Nizhny Novgorod Theological Seminary in 1880, he was ordained by His Grace Makarii and began his ministry in the village of Borskiye Polyany in the Seryozhsky district, where he taught the Law of God in a public school. However, on October 5, 1880, His Grace Vladimir transferred him to the church in the village of Belavka. From July 4, 1892, to October 28, 1906, he was the head and law teacher of church schools in the village of Belavka and the village of Berezov Maydan. On January 5, 1895, Father Khariton was appointed as the supervisor of church-parish schools in the Vasilyevsky district. In 1906, he became the law teacher of a new public school in Belavka, built with funds from Z.M. Talantsev.

In the summer of 1939, the church was closed, and the last priest was Pavel Vasilyevich Benediktov. During the war, prisoners lived in the warm part of the church, who built the strategic Kazan-Gorky road passing through Belavka in 1942-43. After the war, the church housed a warehouse and a school sports hall.

On May 10, 2001, a new state registration of the parish in Belavka was conducted, and repairs to the building began with the support of the agricultural production cooperative 'Belavsky', benefactors, and parishioners. To date, the altar and refectory have been renovated, the church walls have been painted on the outside, and a cross has been installed on the bell tower.