The Nikolskaya Church, later renamed the Assumption Church, was built in 1692 on the territory of the settlement. It is now located at the corner of Soviet Street and Fedin Lane, where a park and the Syzran city court building are situated. In 1752, a beautiful stone church was constructed on the site of the wooden one. According to legend, it was erected by the Syzran merchant Rotkov, although there is no documentary evidence to support this.

The Assumption Church was well-known in the city due to the annual procession that took place there from all the churches of Syzran on the day of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. This tradition began in 1830 when cholera was rampant in Syzran. The townspeople gathered for a communal prayer for deliverance from the disease, and their prayer was heard; the illness receded on the day of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. In gratitude for this, an annual solemn procession to the Assumption Church was established.

In the 1930s, the church was closed and destroyed. It proved impossible to restore it on its historical site due to urban developments. It was decided to revive the temple in Zausinovsky Ravine, where political prisoners executed in the 1930s were buried. With the blessing of Archpriest Grigory Koberik, the design began. On November 2, 2001, a capsule with the name of the future church and the date of the start of construction was laid in the foundation. In 2003, Archbishop Sergey of Samara and Syzran performed the rite of laying the church's foundation.

The church was completed by 2004 with funds from the 'TyazhMash' plant and welcomed its first parishioners on August 28, the day of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. In 2005, a baptistery was built with donations, and in 2006, a memorial cross was erected in memory of the victims of the 1930s. In October 2011, schoolchildren laid the 'Alley of Memory' for the victims of political repressions, planting 15 trees in Zausinovsky Ravine. On August 28, 2012, on the day of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a new two-story building for the Sunday school was consecrated.