The village got its name thanks to the Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God built here, and the second name is connected with the ancient Neyskaya volost, which was located along the Ney River. The first mention of the Neyskaya volost in documents dates back to 1590. Before the village was founded, there was a Nikolskaya sloboda in this place, named after the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. Like the neighboring Pezabolskaya sloboda, Nikolskaya was located on the ancient Galician road, which led from Kazan through Unzha, Pezabolskaya and Nikolskaya slobodas, Parfenev, Galich, and further north. This road was often used by Tatars for raids on the Galich district. The residents of the slobodas had to watch for the appearance of Tatars and report this to the Parfenev fortress. For their service, they received privileges, including exemption from taxes.

Later, the Nikolskaya sloboda became known as Nikolsky pogost, the center of the church parish, where a new wooden Church of the Assumption was built, and the pogost began to be called Uspensky. In 1620, half of Nikolsky pogost with the villages of Antropovo, Olifonovo, Matveyevo, Korenevo, Borisovo, Tarasovo, Panino, and others was granted to the nobleman A.E. Mikhnev for his participation in the defense of Moscow against the Poles. The other half of the pogost with the villages of Gribachevo, Demino, Dor-Andreev, Antushevo, Zalesye, Volovets was granted to Mikhnev's brother, Ignaty Yermolaevich. In the village of Gribachevo was the house of Mikhnev's steward, and the estate of the owner himself was located on Nikolsky pogost, where he lived.

In the watch book of 1616, it is recorded: "Neyskaya volost, and in it a pogost on the Ruzhbole River, and on the pogost a wooden warm church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary with a refectory, and the church icons, candles, books, vestments, and vessels belong to the parishioners." In the census book of 1627, it is indicated: "For Artemiy Yermolaevich Mikhnev for the Moscow sitting in the royal parish half of Nikolsky pogost, and on it the Church of the Assumption of the Most Pure Mother of God and the chapel of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, and on the pogost two priest's yards, a deacon's yard, a cell of the prosphora-baker, and the yard of the landowners."