The city of Michurinsk was founded in 1635 by the decree of Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich as a fortified defensive point, known as the earthen city of Kozlov, on the approaches to Ryazan. In 1638, the Trinity Church appeared in the city, which was later destroyed by fire. In 1653, a new wooden Trinity temple with chapels was built, including the Chapel of the Beheading of St. John the Baptist. The stone two-story church in honor of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary was laid in 1670 and consecrated on February 9, 1672. In 1818 and 1822, a stone four-tiered bell tower with holy gates was erected. The temple was rebuilt in 1793 and 1844, but with the advent of Soviet power, it was closed. The lower floor housed the museum of the Central Genetic Laboratory named after I.V. Michurin, and the upper floor served as a local club.

By the early 1950s, the Trinity Monastery was almost destroyed, with only fragments of the monastery walls, a corner tower, the refectory, the residence of the superiors, and the Assumption Church remaining, which was returned to the faithful in 1999. Currently, the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary is operational and is one of the main buildings of the Trinity Monastery.