The foundation of the village of Polovinnoye dates back to the early 19th century. Initially, a settlement with the same name appeared on the shore of Lake Polovinnoye, founded by state peasant Yegor Dmitrievich Petukhov, who moved here in 1805 from the village of Vvedenskoye in the Kurgan district. By 1812, other peasants from the Vvedenskaya volost had also settled here under the orders of the Tobolsk treasury chamber. For some time, the settlement officially remained a hamlet, but in the documents of the 1820s, it was already mentioned as the village of Polovinnaya. By the early 1830s, plots for settlers from the central provinces of Russia appeared around Lake Polovinnoye. The first settlers began to arrive in the late 1830s and early 1840s, and the hamlet, along with the settlement plots, turned into a significant settlement, which was initially called a village, and with the construction of the church became the village of Polovinnoye.

There is a legend about the name of the village, according to which it was a resting place for trade caravans, located halfway from the Kazakh steppes to Kurgan. However, this is unlikely, as the distance to Kurgan is significantly greater than to the Presnogorykovskaya fortified line. Most likely, the hamlet was named after Lake Polovinnoye, and the origin of the lake's name is unknown.

Administratively, the village of Polovinnaya in the 1860s was part of the Nizhne-Alabugskaya volost of the Kurgan district, became part of the Bashkir volost in 1881, and in 1905, a separate Polovinskaya volost was formed. With the construction of the Trinity Church, an annual fair was held in the village on Holy Trinity Day. By the 1860s, it already existed, and by the end of the 19th century, the Andreevskaya fair was established, held annually from November 23 to 30 near the church. Initially, the villagers were listed in the parish of the Nikolayevskaya church, later the Bogoroditse-Kazanskaya church of the Presnogorykovskaya fortress, as well as at the Holy Trinity church of the Kabanya fortress. In the mid-1840s, some residents temporarily joined the parish of the Nikolayevskaya Old Believer church of the village of Nizhne-Alabugskoye.

In 1845, an independent Polovinsk parish was opened, which included the villages of Khlyupova and Chashevitaya Filippova, and later the village of Maray joined. By 1866, the village of Dubrovka appeared in the parish, from 1869, the village of Bashkirskaya, from 1871, the village of Zhilina, and from 1884, the villages of Vasilyevka and Novo-Khlyupova. In 1899, the village of Maray was transferred to the parish of the Pokrovsk church of the village of Baidarskoye. From 1902, the villages of Bashkirskaya and Novo-Khlyupova went to a new parish at the Znamenskaya church of the village of Bashkirskoye. In 1909, the village of Chuloshnaya was added to the parish. In 1915, the village of Vasilyevka became an independent parish at the Bogoroditse-Kazanskaya church. In 1919, the village of Filippova went to an independent parish at the Pokrov prayer house, and the village of Chuloshnaya formed a separate parish at the Dimitriev prayer house. In 1925, the parish consisted of the village of Polovinnoye, the villages of Khlyupovskaya and Dubrovskaya, and the settlements of Novo-Ukrainskoye, Trubetskoye, and Petrovskoye, and in this composition, it probably existed until its closure in the early 1930s.

By the end of the 1830s, due to settlers from central Russia, the population of the villages of Polovinnaya, Khlyupova, and Filippova significantly increased. In this regard, in 1839, parishioners appealed to the Tobolsk spiritual consistory with a request to allow the construction of a church in the village of Polovinnaya. Construction was permitted, and land was allocated in the same year. In 1844, the residents of the Barabinsk parish decided to sell their old wooden church to the residents of Polovinnaya village. The construction was carried out by the parishioners and was mostly completed by 1848. The church was wooden, one-story with a bell tower. By 1849, the church was sheathed and painted, and in 1849-1850, an iconostasis was installed. The altar was in the name of the Holy Trinity.

By early 1852, the church was ready for consecration, but due to an unstable foundation, it required repairs. Probably, soon the temple was consecrated. In 1873, parishioners requested permission to repair the roof and bell tower, which was granted, but the work was not completed on time. In 1876, reconstruction of the church began, completed in 1877. The church was rebuilt according to the previous plan, with a new stone foundation and a tin roof. Subsequently, the temple continued to be improved. In 1882, the iconostasis was updated, and in 1886, a church fence was built.

The Trinity Church in the village of Polovinnoye was closed in 1935 and converted into a House of Culture. By the early 1960s, the building was completely rebuilt. In the mid-1970s, the building burned down. In the early 20th century, the wooden church began to deteriorate again, and the parishioners decided to build a new stone temple. In 1919, preparations for its construction were underway, but the work was not completed, and the bricks were requisitioned by the authorities. A new temple is currently under construction.