In 1920, a Russian squadron arrived in North Africa, which included 13 Orthodox priests. Church services were held on the deck of the battleship "Georgy Pobedonosec," specially equipped for this purpose, as well as in the church of Saint Paul the Confessor, arranged in the casemate of the old military fort Jebel Kebir near Bizerte.

In 1921, the cultural and educational association "Russian Circle of Algeria" was established, which initiated spiritual care, invited a priest, and founded a parish. The first Russian priest in Algeria was the former naval priest Archpriest Yefimiy Logodovsky, the father of the architect and builder of the Russian church in honor of the Resurrection of Christ in Tunisia. In 1928, he organized the church of Saint Andrew the First-Called, using property from ship churches delivered from Tunisia.

Since 1935, the house church of the Holy Trinity began to operate in Algeria, with Father Vasily Shustin assisting the rector. Together, until Logodovsky's death, they served two Russian churches. Shustin regularly traveled around the country, providing spiritual support to compatriots living in different corners of Algeria.

In 1936, the property of the community of Saint Andrew was transferred to the parish of the Holy Trinity. An archive preserved a list mentioning the altar, candle box, three analogs, two candlesticks, banners, a font, and other church utensils, as well as the Gospel and various spiritual books. Before the start of World War II, the Russian colony in Algeria numbered about 500 people.

A library operated within the Russian community in Algeria, and social and cultural life actively developed. The question of purchasing land and building a permanent church was discussed, which the chairman of the association, Lev Pavlovich Dolgushin, wrote about in October 1951 to the manager of Russian parishes in North Africa, Archbishop Panteleimon.

After France recognized Algeria's right to self-determination in 1959, a mass exodus of Europeans from the country began. By 1968, only 12 Russian parishioners remained in Algeria.