In the first half of the 16th century, the village of Dobrynskoye, along with its surrounding villages, was granted by Grand Duke Vasily Ivanovich of Moscow to Bishop Gennady of Suzdal. In 1578, this grant was confirmed by Tsar Ivan the Terrible, and then in 1584 by Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich, in 1599 by Tsar Boris Godunov, in 1606 by Tsar Vasily Shuisky, and in 1617 and 1622 by Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich and Patriarch Filaret. Dobrynskoye remained under the ownership of the Suzdal bishops until the abolition of church estates, after which it passed to the jurisdiction of state properties.

The existence of a church in the 16th century can be inferred from the grant of 1578, where Dobrynskoye is mentioned as a village. In the patriarchal records of 1676, "the Church of the Transfiguration of the Savior in the village of Dobrynskoye" is listed. In 1698, a new antimins was issued for the old altar.

In 1808, a stone church was built on the site of the wooden one, and in 1856, a refectory was added. The bell tower of the church is also made of stone, but the time of its construction is unknown. The church has three altars: in the cold part in the name of the Transfiguration of the Lord, in the warm refectory in the name of the Honorable and Life-Giving Cross of the Lord, and in the name of the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the Temple. A canopy is arranged over the altar in the cold church.

Church documents have been preserved in full: copies of the metric books since 1800 and confession lists since 1829. The land associated with the church includes 1 dessiatina of homestead land and 33 dessiatinas of arable and haymaking land. There is no plan or land registry for the land. According to the church staff, there is a priest, a deacon, and a psalmist. They receive support from services, requirements, bread collection, and land, totaling about 800 rubles per year. The clergy have their own houses located on church land.

The parish includes the village of Dobrynskoye and the village of Dorzhyeva, where the clerical records list 759 men and 849 women. The parish has a public school, opened in 1867; it is funded by the zemstvo and is located in a separate building near the church.