The Church in the name of the Nativity of Christ was laid in 1828 with the blessing of Bishop Athanasius of Nizhny Novgorod and Arzamas. By the summer of 1829, construction was mostly completed. Father Serafim insisted that the consecration take place on the Feast of the Transfiguration, otherwise the church would remain unconsecrated until the following year. In haste, two local icons were brought from a neighboring village, as the iconostasis was not yet ready. Despite the difficulty of combining three services, the Nativity of Christ, the Transfiguration, and the consecration of the church, Archimandrite Joachim from Nizhny Novgorod composed the service and consecrated the church on August 19, 1829, as Father Serafim wished.

The pre-revolutionary iconostasis of the church was made in the classical style and painted blue, with a portico and half-columns. Above the royal doors was an oval icon of the Last Supper, designed in the form of an attic with volutes. The second tier consisted of small icons of the festive order. The church housed church utensils and vestments gifted by Elder Serafim, as well as numerous icons sent to him at different times. A bell tower with eleven small bells was arranged in the wall of the porch, three of which were purchased by Serafim at the Makaryev Fair. It was said that, despite their small size, they sounded like music, uplifting the spirit.

In 2008, one of the bells ordered by Serafim of Sarov returned to the monastery. It weighs 16 kg, but due to a crack, it cannot be rung and is displayed in the monastery museum in the house of Blessed Paraskheva Ivanovna.

Until the 1930s, the Kazan Church and the Nativity Churches retained their original appearance. In September 1927, the nuns were offered to leave the monastery. On the feast of the Nativity of the Mother of God, Bishop Zinovy served the Divine Liturgy, and everyone in the church cried. After that, the destruction of the monastery began. During the Soviet era, the Nativity Church housed the post office, telegraph, and state bank. The church was re-consecrated on June 1, 1993. In 2008, side chapels were added to the church, consecrated in honor of the holy martyrs Jacob and Michael Gusev and the martyrs Evdokia, Daria, Daria, and Maria of Puzin.

An ancient fresco depicting the Lord Almighty surrounded by cherubim has been preserved in the altar. The modern paintings of the church were created by Moscow artists Konstantin Okhotin and Dmitry Lazarev and are dedicated to the Nativity cycle. The chapel churches were painted by artists from the Nizhny Novgorod workshop 'Ark' under the guidance of Oleg Antsiferov.

The Church of the Nativity of Christ features a snow-white iconostasis that appears marble but is made using decorative Venetian plaster by the Moscow workshop 'MarmorTec.'

Since 1993, an unquenchable candle has been burning in the church by the command of Serafim. Services are held rarely due to the small size of the church, usually for the monastics. The feast day is celebrated especially solemnly, with a night liturgy and a procession around the church.