The first church in the village of Pleshivets, according to the "Clerical Book of the Poltava Diocese for 1902", was built in 1760. However, some historians believe it was constructed earlier, as six priests changed there before 1768. In 1782, a bell tower was erected next to the church. The temple was rebuilt in 1800 and 1860 and was wooden, with three domes, on a stone foundation. By the end of the 19th century, the building had deteriorated, and there was a need for new construction. The parishioners decided to seek help from their fellow countryman, the Tula Bishop Parfeniy, whose father had been a priest in Pleshivets for thirty years.

At the time of the appeal, Parfeniy held the position of archimandrite and rector of the Moscow seminary. Upon visiting his native village, he supported the residents' initiative, provided financial assistance, and promised further support. At that time, a wealthy woman named Vedmedikova had died in Moscow, leaving a significant inheritance for the construction of churches, one of the guardians of which was appointed Parfeniy. At a meeting of the guardianship council, he proposed to build a church in Pleshivets, and the council allocated 30 thousand rubles for this purpose. The bishop decided to build a stone temple rather than a wooden one. The widow of Moscow banker Spiridonov, Vera Bogdanovna, also donated over 60 thousand rubles.

To create the building plan, Parfeniy turned to researcher D.I. Yavornytsky, who showed him the project of the Trinity Cathedral in Samara (now Novomoskovsk). This project reminded Parfeniy of the architecture of Ukrainian churches and the old church in Pleshivets. The new temple was decided to be built in this style. The project was developed by Moscow architect I.S. Kuznetsov, who recreated a copy of the Zaporozhian church and improved its silhouette. The height of the Intercession Church in Pleshivets was just over 45 meters.

The church has a cross-shaped plan, with identical facades on all four sides. The domes begin at a height of 4.5 fathoms and rise upwards, forming nine domes. Eight of them have two tiers of windows each, while the central one has three. The interior of the temple is distinguished by originality and grace due to the slopes of the dome walls. The length and width of the cathedral are 12.56 running fathoms, and the height to the central dome with the cross is 21 fathom. The iconostasis was made by I.S. Kuznetsov, and the icons were painted by artist V.P. Guryanov. The cost of construction exceeded 100 thousand rubles.

Construction began in the autumn of 1902, and the consecration of the temple took place in 1906. The cathedral became an adornment of the village, harmonizing with local attractions. Mykhailo Hrushevsky highly praised it in his "History of Ukraine-Rus". The bell tower, built between 1909 and 1911, harmoniously complements the church. Locals recall that in calm weather, the sound of the bells could be heard as far as Lebedyn and Hadyach.