The village of Stepankovo, located by the Dubrovka River, is 15 versts from the district town. Until 1764, it belonged to the Trinity-Sergius Monastery, but it is unknown when and by whom it was transferred. The church in Stepankovo existed as early as the beginning of the 17th century, as confirmed by inscriptions on ancient antimins found in the pillars of the wooden Nicholas church. The first documentary mentions of the church and parish in Stepankovo date back to 1676. According to the tax books of that time, there was a church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in the village, which had the house of priest Ivan, the house of the prosphora-baker, a boyar's house, a cattle yard, and 15 peasant households, as well as one landless household.

There was also a church of the Protection of the Holy Virgin in Stepankovo with the house of priest Naum. Thus, by the end of the 17th century, there were two churches in the village with separate clergy. Since the Protection church does not have a specified parish, it can be assumed that it was a chapel. There is no further information about the fate of these churches. It is only known that in 1761, there were 376 men in Stepankovo who paid a tribute to the Lavra amounting to 374 rubles and 20 rubles 48 kopecks for the purchase of canvas for the monks.

Until the mid-19th century, there were two wooden churches in Stepankovo: in the name of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker and St. Sergius of Radonezh. The Nicholas church was likely the older one, while the time of construction of the Sergius church is unknown. It is also unknown when the Protection church was abolished. In 1850, the Sergius church was dismantled, and in 1868, the Nicholas church.

In 1850, the construction of a stone temple began, and in 1856, the refectory part was completed and consecrated. The full finishing of the main temple was completed in 1876, and the bell tower was built in 1890. The church has three altars: the main one in the name of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, in the refectory, in the name of St. Sergius of Radonezh and St. Martyr Mina. The church is equipped with utensils, vestments, icons, and liturgical books.

The clergy of the church includes a priest, a deacon, and a psalmist. Their maintenance is provided by income from arable and haymaking land, as well as from services and needs, amounting to up to 770 rubles per year. The clergy houses are located on church land. The church's land plot includes half a desyatina of homestead land, 10 desyatinas of haymaking, and 33 desyatinas of arable land; there is a plan and boundary book. The parish includes the village of Stepankovo and the villages of Vysokovo, Fursovo, Dubtsy, and Ulanovka, where the clerical records list 1,413 men and 1,580 women. Since 1884, a church-parish school has been operating in the village of Stepankovo.