Athanasius Pavlovich Nosov was highly respected among the Old Believers. It was he who was entrusted by the beglopopovtsy to advocate for the opening of a prayer house in Semyonovo. In 1896, the prayer house was opened in the house of merchant Agafya Mikhailovna Rybin. In 1897, A.M. Rybin received permission to build a stone house behind the two-story wooden one. By order of the Nizhny Novgorod governor, the prayer building was not allowed to resemble an Orthodox church, and it was prohibited to have domes and crosses under its roof. The installation of a bell tower and bells was also forbidden. The Semyonovsky district chief demanded that A.P. Nosov sign an obligation not only to comply with the construction regulations of the prayer house but also to refrain from conducting processions and accompanying the deceased with songs and vestments in the streets.

After the granting of freedom of religion in 1905, the Semyonovo Old Believers, under the leadership of A.P. Nosov and with his financial support, began the construction of their church. To collect signatures in the villages, Athanasius Pavlovich sent his son Ferapont. It is known that he visited the village of Rozhdestvenskoye, where, according to a Nikonian priest, out of 2230 parishioners, only 70 were Orthodox. Soon, a beautiful red brick church appeared in the city at the corner of Pokrovka and Volodarsky streets, surrounded by a forged metal fence made by Semyonovo blacksmiths. A.P. Nosov was unable to complete the construction of the church; he passed away on April 5, 1912. His body was buried in a crypt in the side wall of the church. His second wife, Anastasia Konstantinovna, after his death, went to the Sharansk skete, where she took monastic vows under the name Alevtina. She left all her possessions, taking only cabinets for storing wooden dishes, possibly as a memory of her husband. Before leaving, A.K. Nosova donated three thousand rubles for the city's water supply system. She died from a strange illness of her right arm and was buried in the Sharansk cemetery. On the eve of the Bolshevik Revolution and in the early years of Soviet power, the church elder was Mark Petrovich Burmistrov, who lived on Voznesenskaya Street.

In the late 1980s, former parishioners of the Nikolskaya church began to advocate for the return of the church to the believers. In 1989, the keys to the church were handed over to the parishioners. At that time, repairs were underway in the church: painting of the walls and ceiling, where the frescoes were preserved. The church was under the jurisdiction of “Khokhloma Painting,” and 12 million rubles were spent on repairs. After the church was handed over, funds were collected for its restoration. The floors needed to be replaced, and the dome and bell tower restored. The restoration of the church was overseen by Archpriest Diomid Kalinin, a builder by education. Initially, the church was heated by stoves, then a boiler room was built, and they switched to coal, and in 2014, the church switched to individual heating.

After Father Diomid, Father Subbotin served in 1992. During this time, much was accomplished: the bell tower, dome, and crosses were restored. The church was consecrated by Father Boris from Novozybkov.