The village of Lychenitsy is located on the Nerl River, 24 versts from the district town and 150 versts from the provincial capital. According to the scribal books of 1628 and 1629, the village of Lychenitsy, also known as Novoe, belonged to the Plishkin brothers. In the census books of 1678, it is listed under the landowners the Chertkov brothers, the Plishkins, as well as the stableman V. S. Fedorov and O. Volodimirov.

The church in the village existed as early as the beginning of the 17th century, as indicated in the patriarchal salary books of 1628 under the name "Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in the village of Lychenitsy." Until 1634, it was called that, but then it began to be mentioned as being in the village of Chebynitsy until 1689. However, in the scribal books of 1653, new church land for the church of the prophet Elijah in Lychenitsy is mentioned, and in 1672 the church was subjected to tribute. This was likely a mistake by the scribe, and the village of Chebynitsy referred to Lychenitsy, where the church was rebuilt and consecrated in honor of the prophet Elijah, with an altar dedicated to St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. The error was corrected in 1689. According to data from 1799, there were two wooden churches in the village: in honor of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker and the prophet Elijah. The first was built at an unknown time, and the second was consecrated in 1779, with a wooden bell tower.

In 1815, a new stone temple was erected on the site of the wooden churches, which still exists today. The temple has three altars: a cold altar in honor of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, and warm altars in honor of the prophet Elijah and the Sign of the Most Holy Theotokos. The church is well supplied with utensils, vestments, holy icons, and liturgical books. The church documents are kept in order, with copies of the metric books from 1795 and confession lists from 1829.

According to the staff, the church has a priest and a psalmist. Their maintenance costs 540 rubles a year, including 40 rubles from the bread collection, 8 rubles interest from a capital of 200 rubles, 90 rubles from arable and haymaking land, and up to 400 rubles from services and needs. The priest lives in the church house, while the psalmist lives in his own.

The church has 36 desyatins of homestead, arable, and haymaking land, but there is no plan or land survey book for the land. The parish includes the village and the villages of Peski, Cherntsy, and Studentsy, where the clerical records list 365 men and 429 women, all Orthodox. There is a zemstvo public school operating in the village of Lychenitsy.