In September 1876, the abbot of the monastery became Hieromonk Joseph. He decided to rebuild and expand the dilapidated St. Nicholas Church, which was erected in the third quarter of the 18th century under Hieromonk Cleopas. Six months after his appointment, Joseph presented a project for the construction of a warm church to Archbishop Antoniy in Vladimir. After the Archbishop's comments and guidance, it was decided to extend the church on the eastern side by 8 arshins, remove the old roof, raise the building by adding 3-4 arshins to the walls, remove the internal wall and columns, install a light but sturdy tent-like vault, crown it with a gilded dome and cross, expand and lengthen the window frames, re-lay the floors, install a new iconostasis in the main church, and move the altar of the side chapel to the choir, letting in light from the second-tier windows, and replace the shaky altars with new ones. Timber was allowed to be used from the monastery's summer house. With the onset of favorable weather, the dismantling of the old building and the delivery of construction materials began. Among the donors for the reconstruction were the Morozov industrialists.

One of the main relics of the monastery, kept in the cathedral, was a part of the wood of the Cross of the Lord with fragments of the relics of saints, predominantly ascetics from the Athos monasteries; all the fragments were placed in a shrine with a silver-gilded cross in the center. After the monastery was closed, services were still held in the Nicholas Church as a parish church for some time. On August 13, 1926, the head of the 1st district police, Yeryomin, reported to the Administrative Department of the Moscow City Council that the church in the former Vvedeno-Ostrov Monastery no longer existed, the group of believers was liquidated in 1924, and the monastery was used as a home for the disabled until May 1 of that year, after which it became a children's colony. All monastery property was moved to the neighboring city of Pokrov, and the building was repurposed. The dome with the cross was removed from the church, all icons were taken off the walls, and the walls were plastered over; the iconostasis was dismantled for firewood. The Nicholas Church, with its windows bricked up, underwent internal re-planning and was turned into a club. Almost nothing reminded of the fact that services were once held in the former church and spiritual life flourished.

In 1995, the church in honor of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker was restored. The abbess of the Holy Vvedenskaya Monastery, Mother Fevronia, recalled that the walls were covered with plaster that was poorly adhered. Before the next whitewashing, they decided to wash off all layers of plaster and were surprised to discover ancient frescoes and faces of incredible beauty beneath it. Restorers were invited, and under the guidance of artist V.I. Nekrasov, they restored what seemed to be forever lost holy images, meter by meter, following ancient examples. A new iconostasis was made for the Nicholas Church, and icons were ordered. Elegant wooden shrines for the icons, a panikhida table, and much more were created by remarkable artists from a wood carving workshop in Vladimir. In the Holy Nicholas Church, the relics of Elder Cleopas, recently discovered during repair work in the Vvedensky Church, are kept in a reliquary.