The Church of Nicholas the Wonderworker in Penya, also known as Nikola in Penya or the Nikol-Pensky Church, is a small single-domed temple without columns, located in the former Tolchkovskaya sloboda of Yaroslavl on the right bank of the Kotorosl River. It was built by parishioners in 1689-1690 as a warm church of the Fedorovsky parish. During the Soviet era, until 1987, the church served as the cathedral of the ancient Rostov-Yaroslavl diocese. It is the only church in the old part of the city that did not close during the Soviet years and one of the seven surviving pre-Petrine churches of Nicholas the Wonderworker in Yaroslavl. The history of the wooden Nikolskaya church, built in the 1660s, is described in the 18th-century processed "Tale of the Beginning of the Conception and Establishment of the First Ancient Church of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker, which is in Penya." It tells how and by whom the church was built, as well as the appearance of the icon of the Most Holy Theotokos Odigitria, Theodorovskaya, and the creation of the stone church in her honor.

In 1659, a fire in Tolchkovskaya sloboda destroyed the wooden Precursor Church. The new stone temple took a long time to build, as it was meant to surpass all other churches in Yaroslavl in size and beauty of decoration. The residents of the eastern outskirts of the sloboda did not wait for the completion of the construction and received permission from Metropolitan Ionas Sysoevich to erect a wooden church in the name of Nicholas the Wonderworker. Tannery worker Guriy Kochurov provided his debtor's yard for construction. The area was cleared of forest, leaving many stumps, from which the church got its name, Penya.

From 1681 to 1687, south of the Nikol-Pensky church, parishioners built the cold Fedorovskaya church. After its consecration, they appealed to the metropolitan with a request to replace the wooden church of Nicholas with a stone one. The new stone church was consecrated on November 30, 1691, and has survived to this day. As was customary in Yaroslavl, the winter church was built as a small single-domed temple of the refectory type with simple decoration. Above the square base rises a slender bell tower, pierced with rows of windows. In the late 17th century, the parishioners of Yeremina equipped the bell tower with bells, which were supplemented during the closure and demolition of churches in the 20th century. In 1890, merchant S.A. Chernogorodov arranged a chapel of Sergius of Radonezh on the northeast side, above which a Nicholas chapel with a separate entrance was built. The chapel is executed in the neo-Russian style, which poorly matches the architecture of the square base, however, the porch repeats the outlines traditional for Yaroslavl tent porches. The current iconostasis of the chapel was transported in 1958 from the destroyed Varnitsky Monastery. In 1999, a baptismal church of Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir was built in a brick structure on the western border of the churchyard, distinguished by a dome with a small cupola. On the territory of the Fedorovsky courtyard are the graves of Archbishop Mikhail Kharkharov and Metropolitan Ioann Vendland.