In the 19th century, the Bogoyavlensky Monastery experienced a period of flourishing, accompanied by active stone construction. One of the most significant events of this time was the construction of a large church in honor of the Theotokos Feodorovskaya, which became the summer cathedral of the monastery. Construction began on May 21, 1805, under the abbess Margarita and was completed in 1818 under the guidance of abbess Augusta Chepchugova. In 1836-1839, under abbess Yelikonida Muratova, an impressive three-tiered bell tower was added to the western side of the church, connected to the temple by a causeway. The bell tower had a quadrangular shape with arched openings and columns, and its lower tier was equal in height to the volume of the church and repeated its design. It was topped with a dome, a small drum, and a gilded cupola. The height of the bell tower was 64 meters, and the monastery library was located in its lower tier.

Despite the loss of the bell tower, the Feodorovskaya Church has preserved its original architecture and has not undergone reconstructions. The interior of the temple was painted between 1822 and 1824 by a workshop of the famous provincial painter Epifany Alexeyevich Medvedev. The frescoes were done in a classical manner and include scenes on the vaults and in the central drum. The walls are adorned with 'pictorial decoration' that creates the illusion of architectural details, and small frames contain images of saints. In the altar, against the backdrop of an illusory colonnade, the Last Supper is depicted. In 1862, the frescoes were restored by the Yaroslavl merchant Yegor Dyakonov and supplemented with new scenes of miracles from the Feodorovskaya icon of the Mother of God.

The original iconostasis of the church was a crown supported by four columns and was made in the classicist style, not closing the upper part of the altar. In 1862, it was replaced with a flat three-tiered iconostasis that occupied the entire eastern wall and completely closed the altar section. Around the perimeter of the walls, kiots were installed for twenty icons, many of which were adorned with fabric vestments embroidered with gold, pearls, beads, and glass beads.

In the 1930s, after the monastery was closed, the bell tower was destroyed. The church was restored in the 1980s and in 2010, and in 2003 it was returned to the faithful. Today it serves as the summer church of the monastery.