The chapel is part of a memorial complex dedicated to the memory of the peaceful residents of Russia who perished during the Great Patriotic War. On October 25, 1941, in the village of Khatsun, the occupiers shot 318 people, including local residents, inhabitants of neighboring villages, and refugees from occupied Bryansk.

In the autumn of 1941, the fascists attacked Soviet military units in Bryansk, while Red Army soldiers hid in the dense Bryansk forests.

On October 24, 1941, in the village of Khatsun in the Karachevsky district, several Red Army soldiers attempting to break out of encirclement attacked three fascists and freed six prisoners of war. Two Germans were killed, and the third, wounded, managed to escape into the forest.

At that time, there was an order in the fascist troops: for every German soldier killed, one hundred local residents were to be executed. On the morning of October 25, three punitive squads gathered all the villagers. Some were executed with particular cruelty, others were shot, and the village was burned. As a result of the Khatsun tragedy, 318 people died, including young children.

Khatsun became one of the first victims of the German genocide on Russian soil. Its fate was repeated by 12 settlements in the Bryansk region, and in total, over a thousand villages were destroyed in Bryansk during the years of occupation.