The building, constructed in 1896, was originally intended for the General Clinical Outpatient Clinic in the Clinical Town of Moscow University. It occupies a central place from which the Faculty and Hospital Clinic buildings symmetrically extend.

Upon opening, the clinic's facade was adorned with a marble plaque stating that the building was funded by V.A. Alexeeva, a well-known Moscow philanthropist and hereditary honorary citizen. These funds were received after her death in 1894, and in honor of her generous gift, the outpatient clinic bore the name of the Alexeevs.

The first director of the outpatient clinic was the esteemed professor V.D. Shervinsky, one of the founders of Russian endocrinology. The clinic initially specialized in internal diseases but also accepted patients for outpatient treatment.

The architect of the building was I.P. Zalesky, who designed it in an ornate style. However, K.M. Bykovsky, who designed the entire clinical town, proposed a simpler design with four columns on the facade to harmonize the building with the surrounding structures.

The first floor housed the reception department with five offices. The second floor was allocated for student lectures, and it also contained the professor's office, a laboratory, and a museum. The outpatient clinic also had a hydrotherapy room, an electrocardiography office, and a pharmacy.

Since 1930, the building housed the rectorate of the 1st Moscow Medical Institute, and in 1958, a monument to I.M. Sechenov, created by L.E. Kerbel, was installed in front of it.

Today, it is home to the Museum of the History of Medicine, established in 1990 at the initiative of Academician A.M. Stochik. Initially, the museum occupied only the second floor, but in 2004, it was given the entire building. In 2006, during restoration, the hall and rooms on the first floor were restored, as well as the auditorium on the second floor with its mezzanine and cast-iron staircase.

The museum's collection includes unique documents and artifacts related to the history of the University Town. It houses furniture, libraries, personal archives, photographs of famous doctors and scientists, rare medical textbooks and atlases, dissertations, medical periodicals from the 19th-20th centuries, alumni albums, instruments, medical insignia, and medals.