After the suppression of the Pugachev uprising in 1775, order began to be established in the cities and their layouts were changed. In 1781, Catherine II approved a new plan for Tambov, where the stone Znamenskaya Church was marked in a different location. This plan aimed to create a unified urban environment with a clear division into quarters and straight streets.

In 1784, three new cemeteries were created outside the city, and one of them was the site of the transfer of the Peter and Paul Church. However, the burial site in Streletskaya Sloboda near the Kazan Monastery continued to exist for some time.

According to sources, the stone Znamenskaya Church was built in 1791. It represented an "octagon on a square" with a bell tower and had features of classicism. The temple was oriented strictly to the east, unlike pre-reform buildings such as the Transfiguration Cathedral and the Protection Church.

The construction of the new Znamenskaya Church reportedly lasted 16 years. Researchers write that in 1775, Streletskaya Sloboda was destroyed by fire, and the wooden Znamenskaya Church burned down. In 1791, a new stone building was erected in its place with funds from the townspeople. However, it is possible that the temple was built somewhat earlier, in the late 1780s, as notes by V. Altufyev mention the head of the treasury office Anichkov, who lived near the stone church by the market.

The main changes related to the churches of the city occurred under the Tambov and Penza Bishop Theophilus (Raev). In 1799, provincial architect V. Usachev depicted the Znamenskaya Church in an engraving between the cathedral and the governor's house. At that time, nothing remained of the serf buildings. The cathedral square expanded, and two stone houses with classical facades appeared at the corner of Znamenskaya Street. The city acquired a new appearance, and descriptions from the early 19th century stated that it was rebuilt according to the highest plan.

By the end of the 18th century, the Znamenskaya temple became the center of the urban deanery. One of its priests, Mikhail Ivanov, was the dean, while another was the only missionary-preacher in the diocese. Documents from March 18, 1798, mention the appointment of priest Athinogen Ioannov as the preacher of the Znamenskaya Church.

The new stone Znamenskaya temple was built in the classical style according to a standard project. This led to confusion with the Archangel Church on a pre-revolutionary postcard. V.A. Kuchenkova writes that in 1833, the church was enlarged, becoming five-domed. However, photographs from the late 19th century show it in its previous form, one-domed. It is likely that the church was updated in 1894 and 1898, when major repairs were carried out, and the temple acquired eclectic features. At that time, the height of the bell tower was increased, and four new domes were added.

The temple was located near the city market and had good income. It had three altars with three staff priests, and in 1836, a fourth staff was added. In 1873, with the construction of the Nativity of Christ Church in the market square, the staff of the Znamenskaya Church was reduced.

Photographs preserved the appearance of the Znamenskaya temple, which stood at the intersection of Znamenskaya and Dolgaya streets. In 1911, it was reported that it was built in 1791, expanded in 1833 and 1894, and had three altars. The parish included 200 houses of urban residents and 227 courtyards of rural ones. A school and a brotherhood that assisted the poor operated at the church.

The history of the Znamenskaya Church is associated with the names of many cultural figures. In 1909, archpriest Mikhail Nazaryev was awarded a mace, and priest Vasily Sokhransky was nominated for the Order of St. Anna. His son, Alexander Sokhransky, is known as a collector of legends from the Tambov region. A choir under the direction of G.I. Sidelnikov operated at the temple, which was the first in Tambov to begin active concert activities.

In the early 20th century, the church found itself surrounded by entertainment establishments: opposite its altar was a winter theater, nearby was a circus, and further north, a summer theater.

After the revolution, the Znamenskaya Church was not preserved and was closed and destroyed in May 1931. Today, its remnants are located at the intersection of K. Marx and October streets, and an underground passage has been built on the site of the first wooden church. For some time, a cafe named "Golden Hive" stood on the graves of the first builders and defenders of the city.