The old building of the railway hospital in Kaluga, located at Tovarniy Street, 23, has a rich history. Archive documents of the Syzran-Vyazma railway from 1891 mention that the medical reception room was located in the passenger building and was soon to move to a new building. At that time, the apartment was intended for only one paramedic.

The report for 1892 states that a hospital with 8 beds for railway workers was operating at the "Kaluga" station of the Syzran-Vyazma railway. By August 1911, the hospital expanded to 30 beds, including 10 infectious, 2 maternity, and 18 general somatic. It was served by doctor Fyodor Andreevich Polozov. In 1915, during a cholera epidemic, the hospital accommodated patients taken from the refugee trains, preventing the spread of infection in Kaluga.

Since 1917, the hospital was headed by surgeon Vasily Ivanovich Smirnov. In 1929, the first X-ray machine appeared here, and by 1932, the hospital had 105 beds and several departments. In 1934, a mother and child room was opened at the Kaluga station. In this hospital, Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky spent his last days in ward No. 1, hospitalized on September 9, 1935. Despite all efforts from the medical staff and family, he could not be saved and passed away on September 19, 1935.

Nurse Vera Ivanovna Kurochkina, who cared for Tsiolkovsky, was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1936. During the occupation, the hospital suffered greatly, but on January 12, 1942, the newspaper "Kommuna" reported the opening of a clinic and outpatient department for railway workers and civilians.

On February 3, 1949, the hospital was renamed the Road Hospital of the Moscow-Kiev Railway, then to the Kaluga Branch Hospital, and since January 2, 1958, it has been known as the hospital named after Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky. In 1967, it moved to a new building. Today, the old building houses the regional office of the Federal Migration Service.