One of the main attractions of the ancient Russian city of Vyazma in the Smolensk region is the Mother of God Church, whose history dates back to the time of Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich.

The first mention of it dates back to 1627, when Prince Volkonsky was compiling local Pistsovye books. Since then, a lot of time has passed, and in 1727, a new stone church was built on the site of the old wooden one, which took two years to construct.

The church, erected with the funds of local residents, is designed in the early baroque style. In the second half of the 18th century, it was supplemented with a refectory, two new chapels, and a bell tower in the classical style. Thus, by 1785, the church acquired its final appearance, which has been preserved to this day.

Currently, the main chapel, dedicated to the Nativity of the Most Holy Mother of God, remains unheated and is open only in the summer. The other two chapels, consecrated in honor of John the Theologian and the Myrrh-Bearing Women, are heated and used for winter services.

Shortly before the celebration of the 100th anniversary of Napoleon's expulsion from Russia, local merchant Rogozhin donated funds for the restoration of the church. Since then, the Nativity of the Most Holy Mother of God Church has been officially recognized as a monument to the victory of the Russian army in the Patriotic War of 1812.

During the Soviet era, parishioners and clergy faced persecution. The parish was closed, and the building was first used as a cinema, then as a city radio station. Later, a museum was opened there.

Recently, the building was returned to the Orthodox Church, and restoration is currently underway. However, the future of the museum located in the chapel of the Myrrh-Bearing Women has yet to be resolved. Moreover, in 2014, a memorial plaque was installed here in memory of the outstanding Russian scientist Ekaterina Nikolaevna Kletnova, the founder of the first Vyazma museum. Therefore, the church parish is forced to coexist with a cultural institution under one roof.