The first church of the Uspensky Monastery was wooden and lasted for 32 years. In 1905, it was dismantled to build a stone temple on the same site, also consecrated in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. The construction was led by Y. Skavronsky, and the project likely belonged to V.M. Vasnetsov.

The monastery was founded in 1873 as a women's community, thanks to the donations of Perm merchants Grigory and Fyodor Kamensky. On October 1, 1873, Archbishop Anthony of Perm and Verkhoturye consecrated the first monastery church in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. This day is considered the founding day of the Perm women's community, later transformed into the Uspensky Monastery. The monastery had a women's school, a church-parish school, a girls' orphanage, a hotel, a hospital, and a charitable institution. The sisters established candle and prosphora production, supplying products to almost all churches in Perm. The monastery also had icon-painting and gold embroidery workshops.

During its existence, 27 buildings and three churches were constructed: the Uspensky Cathedral, the Kazan Church, and the church in honor of the Myrrh-Bearing Women. The monastery attracted attention, visited by state officials and Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna, who came twice: in 1914 as a pilgrim and in 1918 as a prisoner.

In November 1920, the monastery was closed, its property looted, and the buildings nationalized. The Uspensky Cathedral was dismantled in 1928. The lower part of the church housed the burial vault of the Kamenskys. The church was distinguished by its original bell tower and two majolica panels: one depicting the Kazan Mother of God and the other the Not-Made-By-Hands Savior.

The monastery was reopened in 1993 with the blessing of Archbishop Athanasius Kudyuk. The abbess became nun Maria Vorobyova. On April 19, 1995, the building of the Kazan Church was returned to the monastery. A women's community was organized under the spiritual guidance of Archpriest Ioann Seksyayev, the future Archimandrite Stefan.

On March 25, 1993, the community was transformed into a monastery, and nun Maria was appointed as the abbess. She took her vows at the Khotkov Protection Monastery and brought to Perm relics of Saints Cyril and Maria of Radonezh. In 1993, the first residents appeared in the monastery, and on May 3, Igumen Varlaam Perederin performed the tonsure of seven sisters. Initially, the nuns lived on a small territory, as the dining hall was returned partially. They traveled by tram to the Uspensky Church in Razgulyae for services.

On April 19, 1995, the building of the Kazan Church was returned to the monastery, and on April 25, the first service was held, conducted by Archpriest Nikolai Teterin on a portable altar from the domestic church of Archimandrite Ioann.

The restoration of the Kazan Church took several years, and today it is an architectural landmark of Perm. The main altar is consecrated in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. In memory of Saints Elizabeth Feodorovna and nun Barbara, as well as the former Myrrh-Bearing Women Church, the second small altar was consecrated in honor of All Saints Women.

In 1996, the monastery was visited by Patriarch Alexy II, who toured the Kazan Church and the sisters' building, leaving the sisters an icon of Christ the Savior. In 2000, the bell tower was restored, and the majolica panels were renovated.