For two centuries, from 1718 to 1918, the main church of Tsaritsyn was the Assumption Cathedral, built within the Tsaritsyn fortress. Today, a waterfront and a monument to Kholzunov stand in its place. However, as early as 1683, a wooden church was built here, which became the predecessor of the stone cathedral.

From its founding, the new church was designated as the main cathedral. In 1722, Peter I visited it daily for two weeks during his stay in Tsaritsyn. Around the cathedral, the Cathedral or Assumption Square was formed, which existed until the mid-20th century. In 1884, the old bell tower of the cathedral was dismantled, and a new one was built in a style different from the main church.

The Assumption Cathedral functioned until 1931, but in 1932, despite its historical significance, it was blown up. The street that emerged here in the 18th century, which led from the bell tower to Sorrow Square, has been preserved. It was previously called 'Assumption' in honor of the cathedral and is now known as Lenin Street.