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Schwartz Estate White Well

Фото 1
The estate of artist V.G. Schwartz, located in the village of White Well in the Kolpnyansky district, is a historical monument and an object of cultural heritage of regional significance in the Oryol region.

The estate is surrounded by extensive gardens and a park, forming a dense green area, among which are numerous buildings. Most of them date back to the third quarter of the 19th century. Although the main house has not survived, the station, mausoleum, stable, two cattle yards, two service buildings, three residential blocks, and a large wine factory building have all survived to this day. All buildings, except for the mausoleum, are whitewashed and made of brick.

The variety and development of the outbuildings reflect changes in the character of estates in the mid-19th century, when they became more utilitarian and adapted for everyday life, unlike the earlier summer residences. The estate took on the appearance of a village, with the main alley transformed into a street, and the construction replacing the symmetrical arrangement of buildings. Previously, the main house dominated the composition, but after its loss, all structures became equal in terms of layout.

The most expressive layout is around the station. Two roads coming from the west curve around the station from the north and south and merge in front of its main facade, forming the main street of the estate. At the beginning of the street is the cattle yard, followed by a vast space with the stable. This was previously the approach to the main house, and on both sides of the road are residential blocks.

On the outskirts of the estate, the road runs along the dam between the ponds, next to which stands the wine factory. To the north of the road, remnants of the park with alleys of old linden trees have been preserved. The layout of the park is free, with sections of geometrically correct shapes, the axes of which do not coincide with the main planning axes. Deep in the park, among the greenery, lies the Schwartz mausoleum.

The architecture of the buildings combines the traditions of late classicism with elements of neo-baroque. The most interesting are the station, stable, wine factory, and mausoleum, which have partially survived to this day.

The station was intended for the construction of a narrow-gauge railway that was never built. In the 20th century, the building was used as a mill. The eastern facade, facing the estate, is divided into nine parts by rusticated pilasters, with the central part highlighted by a two-story risalit with a triangular pediment. The western facade has no openings, and a large arched opening on the northern side is bricked up.

The stable holds special significance in the ensemble, as reflected in its architecture. The L-shaped building faces the road at an angle, which is higher than the wings. The corner section is distinguished by the smoothness of the walls with small openings, and the facade is topped with a decorative attic.

The wine factory completes the main perspective and is located by the dam. The long single-story building is positioned perpendicular to the road, with an end facade divided into two parts with identical portals. On the opposite side, the building becomes two stories high, and its windows are adorned with baroque elements.

The church-mausoleum is located in the park, surrounded by linden trees. The transition from open space to alleys creates a sense of seclusion. The mausoleum has a cubic shape with an apse and a narthex. Inside, there are two floors: the upper served as a temple, while the lower housed the crypt.

Geo point

Усадьба Шварца Белый Колодезь

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