After the princes of Barjatinsky, the estate was owned for a long time by the Golitsyn princes until it passed to Dmitry Sergeyevich Gorchakov in the mid-19th century. He was a hussar from Pavlograd, an aide-de-camp to Alexander II, and a participant in the Crimean War and the defense of Sevastopol.

Settling in the estate, which already had a horse breeding farm, services, a forge, and a cattle yard, Dmitry Gorchakov transformed it into a paradise. In the 1870s, he rebuilt the estate ensemble in magnificent Russian style. The estate's main area included a stone manor house with a formal park, and an oak alley led to the Assumption Church.

Gorchakov turned Barjatino into a cultural center, gathering a rich collection of paintings, engravings, and other art objects. He also expanded the library to six thousand volumes, including rare manuscripts and books from the 16th and 19th centuries.

In 1919, a significant part of the collection was taken by the new authorities to the storage of the State Museum Fund, from where the art treasures were distributed among various collections. To date, more than 3,700 items from the Gorchakov collection of Barjatino have been identified. The collection included works by masters such as Rubens, Antoine Watteau, Boucher, Hubert Robert, Prud'hon, and Théodore Géricault. A total of 152 items were taken, including 29 paintings, watercolor and pastel portraits, 8 miniatures, 9 engravings, as well as bronze items and objects made of wood, glass, and porcelain, not counting ancient books and albums. A significant number of art objects from the Barjatino estate were taken to Kaluga and Tarusa. In 1925, the remaining property of the Gorchakovs was sold, including household items, furniture, an 18th-century carriage, and six paintings. Together with the collection of N. I. Vasiliev, part of Gorchakov's collection became the basis of the Kaluga Art Museum.

After the arrest of the last owners by the Bolsheviks, the estate fell into decline. In 1937, the Assumption Church was ruined. To this day, the manor house, which houses a secondary school, and several other buildings have survived. The estate, designed after the example of ancient Russian wooden houses, consists of two buildings connected by a gallery. The window frames of several types, a porch with jug-shaped supports, an iron openwork pattern, and various cornices were created in the style of 17th-century buildings. The building in the southern part was topped with a two-tiered tower, the upper tier of which has not survived.

The landscape park with a pond has also survived to this day. The Assumption temple has been restored.