The Tulino Monastery was founded thanks to the efforts of two sisters from the Tulino family, Sofia Yakovlevna and Vera Yakovlevna. Sofia, who passed away on August 28, 1877, bequeathed the creation of a women's monastery on her estate, which her sister Vera realized. On December 2, 1879, by the decree of the Holy Synod, a women's community was established in the village of Tulino, located 10 versts from Tambov, and an orphanage for girls was opened alongside it. By December 13, 1880, the community was transformed into a women's dormitory monastery with 40 nuns and an orphanage for 20 girls. The parish Uspensky Church was transferred to the monastery, while its own Sofiyisky Church was consecrated only in 1887.

The founders provided the monastery with a solid material base. By 1911, its territory included one three-story building, three two-story brick buildings, two barns, a bathhouse, a farm 3 km away, a hotel, and a stable. By 1894, there were 9 nuns, 4 designated novices, and 63 novices on probation living in the monastery. The Tulino Monastery became a sort of "colony" of the Tambov Ascension Women's Monastery, as the nuns from the Ascension Monastery began to establish monastic life here.

The monastery was respected among the townspeople, who often made donations. The authorities saw the monastery as a support for peacefully resolving conflicts with the local population. However, the young Tulino residents had mixed feelings about the monastery, which was evident in an incident in the spring of 1904 when six young peasants attempted to break into the monastery hotel and broke the windows on the ground floor. The offenders were not punished, and the damage was not compensated. This case shows that relations with the local residents were complicated, as evidenced by the fact that the monastery's coachman was armed with a revolver.

After the October Revolution of 1917, the Tulino Monastery, like many other Russian monasteries, was closed, having existed for only 38 years and leaving no significant mark in the history of the diocese.

To this day, part of the monastery's buildings has survived. In 1998, the Uspensky Church was transferred to the Tambov Diocese. Until 2013, the three-story cell building was used as a residential house, but now the residents have been relocated to Tambov, and the building is being transferred to the Tambov Diocese.