Archive documents indicate that in August 1842, the Perm city society, at the initiative of merchant of the second guild Yegor Ivanovich Shavkunov, decided to build a new church with three altars and two chapels on Sludka. The main expenses for the construction were borne by Yegor Ivanovich Shavkunov. It was planned to organize a collection of voluntary donations among the city's residents, as well as to use the income from the stone chapel in honor of Saint Elijah, located at the Hay Market.

After the death of Yegor Shavkunov, who bequeathed funds for the construction of the Trinity Church, his son Pyotr Yegorovich Shavkunov completed the church. In 1849, one of the chapels was consecrated in honor of Saint George the Great Martyr. The southern chapel was consecrated on June 9, 1850, in the name of the prophet Elijah. The main altar was consecrated on October 20, 1857, in the name of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity. Since the consecration of the church, the southwestern part of the city became a separate Sludka parish. Until 1917, the church had three clerical positions and its own church-parish school.

During the Civil War, repressions against believers and clergy began. The buildings, money, and church valuables of the Holy Trinity Church were confiscated. In the 1930s, priests and the deacon of the Trinity Church, who adhered to the Old Church direction, were repressed, and the church was closed.

From 1932, the church building housed warehouses of the People's Commissariat of Defense, where weapons were stored. The upper tier of the bell tower and four side domes of the five-domed church were demolished.

In 1944, the Holy Trinity Cathedral was returned to the Church and consecrated by Bishop Alexander (Tolstopyatov) on May 25.

In 2004, internal and external repair and restoration works began. The Great Consecration of the main altar took place on November 23, 2004.

Now the church is called the Holy Trinity Cathedral and has three clerical positions. The administration of the Perm Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church is located in the neighboring buildings.