The Church of the Resurrection of Christ was built in 1859 with funds from the parishioners. The Resurrection Cathedral has five domes and a bell tower with two domes, surrounded by a stone fence with a grille. The cathedral has three altars: for the Resurrection, the Annunciation, and the holy martyrs Florus and Laurus. The staff includes a protodeacon, two priests, two deacons, and three psalmists. One church and six chapels are attached to the church, one of which is stone, built in memory of the Miraculous Salvation of the Royal Family in 1888, while the others are wooden, located in the parish villages. Stone pillars in the villages of Bolshie Kruttsy, Glushikha, and Zaganikha were erected in honor of the deliverance from cholera in 1910.

In 1896, the church was renamed a cathedral, and the bishop's see was opened in 1922. In 1918-1919, the cathedral's property, books, and capital were confiscated by the new authorities, leading to persecution and destruction. Hieromonk Damaskin describes the events of 1930 when the authorities decided to remove the bells from the cathedral. These bells were the pride of the city, one weighing 560 poods, and its sound could be heard for 25 versts. The destroyers were both outsiders and local drunks. The archpastor suffered but understood that any resistance would lead to arrest, and the bells would be removed anyway. He knew his task was to care for the souls of people, not the bells. For the first time, the people expressed discontent that the bishop did not protect the property. The bishop then went to the pulpit and explained that the authorities now managed the temple. He predicted that life would become terrible, but the time for the destruction of the Vetluga church had not yet come. One parishioner managed to obtain permission to open the cathedral, but by that time, the temple had fallen into disrepair. The rector, Father Alexander Zarnitsyn, entered the cathedral and cried, followed by protodeacon John Vozdvizhensky, and all those present in the temple also cried. Bishop Neophyte, seeing the people's love for the temple, was moved to tears.

The cathedral was officially closed by the decision of the regional executive committee on September 11, 1938. The reason for the closure cited the mismanagement of the building, the absence of a church twenty, and the confiscation of clergy by the NKVD for counter-revolutionary activities. Initially, a brewery was placed within the walls of the cathedral, and in 1960, a bread factory was established, which still operates today.