The church was built between 1831 and 1836 with funds from merchants Mikhail and Prokhor Sarychev. In addition to the main altar, there were also altars for Archangel Michael and the holy princes Boris and Gleb. Until 1870, the church had the status of a chapel, and under Archbishop Antoniy of Vladimir and Suzdal, it was renamed the city cathedral.

In the 1950s, the cathedral lost its bell tower and five domes, after which its building was reconstructed and became a House of Culture. Today, a memorial cross is installed at the cathedral's walls. In 2006, a new community of the Holy Trinity parish was formed, and work began to return the cathedral to the Russian Orthodox Church.