The Cathedral of the Holy Trinity was built over two construction seasons in 1675-1676 and consecrated in 1678. In 1683-1684, a contractor from Nerekhta, Savva Kirillov, along with his assistants, constructed a tent-shaped bell tower in the monastery with a place for clock weights. Among his assistants was Nikita Petrov, son of Verin from Nerekhta, who received 2 rubles from the monastery treasurer for brickwork, and a peasant from the village of Cheshkovo in the Yaroslavl province, Foma Andreev. Over more than three centuries, the church has undergone changes. During the excavation of the foundation, the relics of the monastery's founder, the Venerable Pakhomiy, were discovered, and in his honor, an altar was laid at the southern facade, the appearance of which is now unknown.

In 1830-1834, according to the project by Pyotr Ivanovich Fursov, the church was expanded. A large refectory was added to the western side, connecting the Trinity Church with the bell tower. According to the same project, the altar was completely rebuilt in a unified style with the refectory, and the windows in the square were enlarged. In its current form, the Trinity Church is a pillarless, five-domed, three-apsidal temple with a four-pitched roof. The square is covered with a vaulted ceiling with a round opening in the center for a light drum. The two-pillar refectory is covered with barrel vaults with ribs. The altar of the Venerable Pakhomiy has a flat ceiling. The bell tower, adjoining the refectory from the west, is shifted south from the longitudinal axis of the building. The western portal is hewn, while the northern archway, leading to the original porch, has retained its decoration with half-columns and hewn brick details. The facades are divided by pilasters into panels. The eastern facade is decorated to its full height, while the others are interrupted by window openings with frames typical of the second half of the 17th century, featuring columns and a three-part completion. The upper part of the square is adorned with a cornice and elegant keel-shaped kokoshniks. Beneath them, deep niches with narrative painting are located on the facades. The motif of small keel-shaped kokoshniks is repeated at the base of the drums of the five domes, covered with scale-like iron sheeting.