The first church in the Petropavlovsky plant, now known as Severouralsk, was wooden. Old documents state that it was built from logs, measuring seven fathoms and two arshins in length, three fathoms and two arshins in width, and three fathoms in height to the roof. The roof was covered with thin shingles in two rows, there were 11 windows with shutters, a wooden porch, and one door.

In 1787, with funds from Maxim Pokhodyashin, the construction of a two-story stone church began in the Petropavlovsky plant. The lower chapel was consecrated in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, and the upper one, in 1798, in honor of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul.

The interior decoration of the church was updated multiple times, but the exterior remained unchanged. Only in 1893 was a covered porch added to the church, and the territory was surrounded by a stone fence with an iron grille made at the Kasli artistic casting plant.

The last bell toll in the Peter and Paul church rang in the spring of 1929. After that, the Bolsheviks removed the main bell, and the church utensils and icons were requisitioned and sent to Serov, where their traces were lost.

During the Great Patriotic War, the church building housed a dormitory for 600 workers mobilized for mine construction. Inside, three-tiered bunks and iron stoves were installed. The new inhabitants caused damage to the building, making holes in the walls and floors, sooting the ceilings, and damaging the fence. After the war, the church was used as a warehouse, office, workshop, club, and even a coffin-making workshop. The exterior of the building suffered greatly: the walls were damaged, the brickwork dismantled, and the main spire of the bell tower burned.

In the 1970s, a movement began for the restoration of the church. On March 11, 1976, the executive committee of the Severouralsk city council decided to start the restoration of the Peter and Paul church, a monument of 18th-century architecture. The townspeople began collecting funds for the restoration.

In 1988, the church was handed over to the newly formed Orthodox community. Many city enterprises helped in the revival of the church, including the concrete products plant, woodworking shop, the Bauxite Construction Trust, the Housing Construction Trust, bus depot 9, and others.

The consecration of the restored church took place on October 26, 1989, and on that day the first Divine Liturgy in many decades was held. Regular services began, although restoration continued. In 1990-1991, a titanium spire with a cross, wooden domes covered with roofing iron, and 7 bells were installed on the bell tower.