Pyotr Ivanovich Sholokhov (October 5, 1898, Borisoglebsk, February 14, 1988, Moscow) was a Soviet realist artist, painter, and graphic artist, a student of Abram Arkhipov. He became a member of the Union of Artists in 1932.

Born into a merchant family, Sholokhov graduated from the Borisoglebsk Art Studio in 1920 and began working as a drawing teacher in Verkhny Karachan. Later, he completed his studies at VKhUTEMAS, where his mentors were V. A. Favorsky, P. Ya. Pavlinov, and A. E. Arkhipov. Since 1929, he was part of the Association of Artists of the Revolution.

In 1943, Sholokhov was drafted into the Red Army, where he served in the divisional club, creating decorations, portraits of Stalin, posters, tombstone plaques, and military landscapes.

After the war, he frequently visited Yasnaya Polyana, Melikhovo, and Borisoglebsk in the 1950s, creating many works there.

Sholokhov taught at the studio of the "Pravda" publishing house, among his students were his nephew B. A. Sholokhov, Yuri Ivanovich Rogozin, and Vasily Mikhailovich Yurchik.

In 1982, he donated over 100 of his works to the art museums of Voronezh and Borisoglebsk.

His wife was Ekaterina Nikolaevna, and they had no children. Sholokhov's cousin, Leonid Sergeyevich Sholokhov, was also a painter. Among his grandnephews are Sergey Leonidovich Sholokhov and Alexey Yuryevich Sholokhov.

Sholokhov created paintings on military themes, portraits, landscapes, and still lifes. His works on industrial themes formed the series "Factory 'Sickle and Hammer'." He participated in republican and all-Union exhibitions, while solo exhibitions were held in Moscow in 1959, 1975, and 1982.

Sholokhov's works are kept in the State Tretyakov Gallery, in Yasnaya Polyana, in the Melikhovo Museum-Reserve, in the museums of Serpukhov and Taganrog, in the Voronezh Art Museum named after I. N. Kramskoy, as well as in the P. I. Sholokhov Art Gallery in Borisoglebsk, a branch of the Borisoglebsk Historical and Art Museum, where 70 of his paintings are displayed.