Since 1986, the museum has been located in a modern building with an exhibition area of 8000 m², where eight to ten major exhibitions are organized annually. The spacious halls feature works by world-renowned masters of surrealism, pop art, as well as graphics and works of photo and video art. Here you can see paintings by Salvador Dalí, Joan Miró, René Magritte, Roy Lichtenstein, Andy Warhol, works by Jasper Johns, as well as paintings and sculptures by Pablo Picasso.

The Ludwig Museum houses the world's largest collection of cameras and historical photographs. Of particular interest are the paintings of Russian avant-garde artists such as Natalia Goncharova, Wassily Kandinsky, Marc Chagall, Mikhail Larionov, Kazimir Malevich, Lyubov Popova, Lazar Lissitzky, and Alexander Rodchenko. The museum also has an extensive library of art books.

The Ludwig Museum in Cologne was founded in 1976 based on private collections donated to the city by Joseph Haubrich and Peter Ludwig. Its collection features movements of 20th-century art, including expressionism, surrealism, abstractionism, pop art, and conceptual art.

The museum holds a significant collection of early 20th-century Russian avant-garde art, comprising about 600 paintings, including works by Natalia Goncharova, Mikhail Larionov, Kazimir Malevich, Alexander Rodchenko, and others.