Andrei Rublev became the first Russian artist to be canonized by the Orthodox Church. He founded his own school of icon painting, moving away from Byzantine traditions. In addition to icons, Rublev worked on wall paintings in churches and illustrated books. His miniatures adorn the ancient Gospel of Khitrovo. However, his most famous work is the icon "Trinity," recognized as a world masterpiece.

The first mention of Rublev in historical documents dates back to 1405. The "Trinity Chronicle" mentions the painting of the private church of Moscow Prince Vasily I, where Rublev is listed last among the masters, indicating his youth. Nevertheless, the trust placed in him for such an important commission attests to his recognition as an experienced master; otherwise, his name would have remained unknown, like many ancient Russian artists.

In May 1408, according to the same chronicle, Rublev, along with Daniil Chorny, began painting the Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir, built in the 12th century. By the beginning of the 15th century, the cathedral had suffered greatly from the Mongol invasion, and at the order of Prince Vasily I, its restoration began.

Fragments of frescoes and part of the iconostasis, one of the largest in Russia, have survived from the works of Rublev and Chorny in the cathedral. The painting of the Assumption Cathedral is the only work of Rublev with a precisely known date of creation.

Rublev began creating the icon "Trinity" in 1411 or between 1425-1427. The exact date is unknown due to uncertainty about which church it was intended for: the early wooden cathedral of the Trinity Monastery or the stone one built in its place. In the first case, the icon could have been transferred to the new church; in the second, it was created along with other images of the iconostasis.

Until 1917, the icon "Trinity" was located in the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. From the late 16th to the early 20th century, it was covered with a golden riza, under which only the faces and hands of the angels were visible. In 1904, icon painter Vasily Guryanov restored the icon, removing the darkened oil and later layers of paint, and then repainted it anew. Later, Guryanov's layer was removed, leaving only Rublev's original work. Now, the "Trinity" is kept in the Tretyakov Gallery.

Since the early 20th century, Rublev has been attributed the Zvenigorod Order, a collection of icons created for Prince Yuri. It is believed that there were originally seven, intended for the Assumption Cathedral or the Nativity Church of the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery. Only three large icons have survived: images of the Savior, the Apostle Paul, and the Archangel Michael. However, there are no historical records confirming Rublev's authorship or the date of creation.