From Moscow Avenue, the Line of Military Glory stretches towards the northeastern districts of the right bank part of Voronezh, where important battles for the city took place. In those days, this area was called the district of the regional hospital and included several neighboring territories, such as the children's infectious hospital, the disinfection station, the culture and recreation park, the Dynamo stadium, and the railway crossing. Now it is more commonly referred to by its main landmark, the Rotunda.
On July 9, the fascists captured the town of the regional hospital, the Dynamo stadium, the culture and recreation park, and the Birch Grove, when the remnants of the 233rd and 287th NKVD regiments retreated to the railway bridges near the Otrazhka station. However, two days later, a counteroffensive began: our troops, advancing from the SХI and Otrazhka, forced the fascists to retreat.
The combined NKVD regiment successfully advanced along the tram line and railway track. On July 11, it drove the enemy out of the ravine and railway booth, freed civilians hiding in a drainage pipe, and destroyed fascists on the territory of the poultry farm, approaching the park. However, under heavy enemy fire, the Chekists were forced to switch to defense.
On July 12, a general offensive began, involving units of the 60th army. The Chekists, supported by the 796th regiment and tanks, went on the attack. The 233rd NKVD regiment attacked the vegetable storage, where the enemy had entrenched itself. Units led by Corporal Bogoyavlensky and Sergeant Yakov Shevtsov broke through, followed by a group led by communist Ilya Lyashev. The Chekists destroyed the enemy's mortar battery and used captured weapons.
Another group of fascists was destroyed in a potato field, where the machine gun crew of Sergeant A.V. Ushakov distinguished itself and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. After the liberation of the Birch Grove, the battle moved to the park area, where the terrain was suitable for defense. The enemy stubbornly held onto every position, and the fighting took on a localized character.
By the evening of July 12, the shooting in the park subsided, and the fascists retreated to the Dynamo stadium. The Chekists and the shooters of the 796th regiments continued to storm the enemy positions, advancing towards the outskirts of Kalinin and Working Class streets. Fighting broke out in the blocks, where bloody clashes occurred.
The main efforts were concentrated on the hospital complex, which was a reliable shelter from shelling. The battles for the stone buildings were fierce, and they changed hands multiple times. On the night of July 15, the 574th regiment of the 121st rifle division stormed the main building of the hospital, where grenade and hand-to-hand fighting took place. Sergeant Stolbov particularly distinguished himself.
In the hospital courtyard, the 1st company under the command of political instructor Kosyrev operated successfully. In the ensuing skirmish, Kosyrev was wounded, but he was saved by Red Army soldier Komarov. The advance of the rifle units was hampered by machine gun positions, which were suppressed by the crew of Senior Sergeant N.T. Zhunyaev.
By the end of the day, the 121st and 195th divisions, supported by tanks, had captured a significant part of the hospital complex, inflicting heavy losses on the enemy. The fighting continued with varying success, but the main burden was borne by the soldiers of the 121st rifle division under the command of Major General M.P. Zykov.
In the battles for the regional hospital, Soviet warriors displayed courage and heroism. Among them were future Heroes of the Soviet Union, such as Veniamin Albetkov and Alexander Zubkov. Hundreds of Voronezh residents fought in the 121st division, including battery commander Nikolai Sosin and doctor Maxim Sokolov.
The fighting in the hospital complex lasted 203 days, and all buildings were destroyed. Only the Rotunda survived, which became a war memorial and part of the Line of Military Glory memorial. It symbolizes the resilience and heroism of the defenders of Voronezh and serves as a reproach to the fascist invaders.
The Rotunda, towering over the city, is unique and different from other monuments. It reminds of the tragic fate of Voronezh and the barbarity of the enemy. By the decision of the Voronezh City Council Executive Committee on November 11, 1965, the Rotunda was preserved as a war memorial. However, restoration work is not being carried out, so it is dangerous to approach it.
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