In Russia, there is a region known for its rich deposits of minerals. The depths of this area hold many valuable ores, such as iron ore, gold, platinum, and emeralds. Malachite, a rare stone of deep green color with black veins, is also mined here. This region, the Urals, is often referred to as a magical box of gemstones.
Nizhny Tagil is considered the backbone of the region and is a center for machine engineering and ferrous metallurgy. The history of the city began in 1721 when a source of magnetic iron ore was found on Mount Vysokaya. In 1722, Tagil officially appeared, known for its factories, malachite boxes, and painted trays. The city is also famous for its rare natural beauty and unique attractions, such as the Lord's House, now the Museum of Everyday Life and Crafts of the Mining Population.
Nizhny Tagil, the second most populous city in the Sverdlovsk region, is located on the eastern slope of the Ural Mountains. A twenty-minute drive from the city lies the conditional border of Europe and Asia, marked by a stele with a small globe on top. The city stands on the Tagil River, a right tributary of the Tura. The name of the river and the area has several versions of origin, including Tatar and Mansi.
Nizhny Tagil gained fame as a center of Ural metallurgy thanks to the Demidovs, a family of landowners and mining industrialists. The founder of the dynasty, Nikita Antufyev, received two factories in the Urals from Peter I and soon opened several new enterprises, becoming a nobleman and taking the surname Demidov. In 1725, the Demidovs founded the Vyisky Foundry and Ironworks, and three years later, another enterprise was established, combining eight productions.
Serfs Miron and Yefim Cherepanov worked at the factory, creating the first steam locomotive in Russia between 1833 and 1835. A monument to the inventors adorns the central square of the city. Thanks to the Demidov factories, Nizhny Tagil also became known as a center for folk crafts, particularly tray painting. Nizhny Tagil iron was ideal for craftsmen who painted metal and decorated chests and tables with it.
The Lord's House on Tagilskaya Street, now the Museum of Everyday Life and Crafts, hosted high guests in the 19th century. The building differs from neighboring structures: it is a two-story house with a rusticated basement and a portico of four columns. The project may have been authored by Alexander Chebotarev, a former serf.
The house was built at the request of Yevdokiya Deryabina, the widow of a merchant from the city of Kushva. Her husband, Andrey Deryabin, started as a small trader and secured contracts with the Demidov factor, allowing him to accumulate capital for construction. The house was later owned by their son Taras, who rented it to the main administration of the Nizhny Tagil factories.
Aurora Shernval, a Swedish noblewoman known as Fatal Aurora, lived in the house. She was the wife of Pavel Demidov, heir to a vast fortune. After his death, Aurora managed the factories with the help of factors. Later, she married Andrey Karamzin, who increased the number of educational institutions and introduced an eight-hour workday.
In the 20th century, the Lord's House became a communal apartment for factory workers. In the 1980s, it became part of the Nizhny Tagil Museum-Reserve "Mining Ural." After restoration in the summer of 1997, the building became the Museum of Everyday Life and Crafts. The exhibits were collected by Tatyana Petrukhina and Elvira Merkusheva, for which the team received a regional award.
In 1924, a painting titled "Holy Family," possibly painted by Raphael Santi, was found in the museum. The painting was carefully studied and restored by Igor Grabar. Although experts consider it a copy, the painting remains a mystery and can be seen at the Nizhny Tagil Museum of Fine Arts.
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