In the first half of the 19th century, the site of the modern village of Arkhipo-Osipovka was home to the Mikhailovskaya fortress, where the Tenging regiment was stationed. In this regiment served soldier Archip Osipov. By 1840, he was already an experienced warrior, having earned respect, although he had been a deserter at the beginning of his service. In March, the fortress received information about an impending attack by the Circassians, whose numbers significantly exceeded the garrison of the fortress. The day before the assault, Archip Osipov reflected and told his comrades: "I want to leave a memory for Russia, and in a moment of danger, I will set fire to the powder magazine."

On March 22, 1840, the Circassians began a full-scale assault on the Mikhailovskaya fortress. During the unequal battle, it became clear that the fortress could not be held, and the number of defenders was rapidly decreasing. Realizing this, Archip Osipov went to the powder magazine and fulfilled his promise. As a result of the powerful explosion, the fortress was destroyed along with almost the entire enemy army. The Tsar learned of the heroism and ordered Archip Osipov to be eternally listed in the regiment. Thus, a new tradition arose in the Russian army, and the village formed at the site of the destroyed fortress was named Arkhipo-Osipovka in honor of the hero.