The founder of the Puzanov mansion was Ivan Vasilyevich Puzanov, a Kursk merchant and philanthropist, who passed away in 1903. He owned the mansion on Rtishcheva Street (now Soviet Street, house No. 3), as well as a hotel and a shop on Bolshaya Moskovskaya Street (now Lenin Street). In Kursk, he was known as an amateur actor who successfully participated in performances of plays by A. N. Ostrovsky, sometimes performing alongside actors from the Maly Theater who came for tours.

In 1903, Puzanov donated 10,000 rubles for the construction of a church in honor of St. Seraphim of Sarov. The church was built after his death on Dyadiny Lane in Kursk (now Polevaya Street) and was consecrated on December 11, 1905. It was one of the first parishes of St. Seraphim of Sarov in Russia.

The one-story Puzanov mansion was built in the early 20th century. Its main facade, adorned with half-columns and a grand entrance, faces the street, while the house looks into the courtyard with windows on two floors due to the natural slope of the land. The building is made of high-quality facing brick, which clearly conveys numerous small architectural details on the facade, and the large semi-circular windows with columns resemble the architectural style of the Renaissance.

After the October Revolution, the mansion was nationalized, and in the 1920s, it housed an anti-tuberculosis dispensary. In 1946, after renovations, the building was transferred to the Kursk Art Gallery.

Currently, the mansion only houses the gallery's administration and its collections, while the exhibition halls are located in a branch at the corner of Radishcheva and Gogol Streets.