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German Market

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This architectural ensemble is an example of typical commercial development from the 19th century. The buildings are designed in the classical style, characterized by strictness, conciseness, regular layout, restrained decor, as well as proportions and forms reminiscent of ancient architecture.

The German Market emerged in the triangular block bounded by Friedrich Engels Street (formerly Irininskaya) and Ladozhskaya, as well as Volkhovsky Lane (formerly Irininsky Passage). The buildings are located in the historic area of the German Settlement, which was almost completely destroyed in the fire of 1812. Restoration occurred by the mid-19th century, and after the Napoleonic invasion, capital merchants and townspeople settled here.

Each building is a fine example of a low-rise merchant house from the 19th century, where the first floor contains commercial premises, and the second, residential. The ensemble of buildings fully reflects the appearance of the German Settlement and has practically preserved its historical appearance, including plaster decor, arched windows, and smooth tiles in the cladding.

The earliest of the buildings in the ensemble, the Yakovlevs' residential house, V.E. Trusov with shops, is located at Friedrich Engels Street, house 23, building 1. The house was built in 1825, and in 1914, a stone part with residential premises was added to it. This two-story building has no decorative elements on the facades, with a passage arch leading to the courtyard.

Another object, the residential house of I.A. Kalinin with shops, is located at Friedrich Engels Street, house 6, building 1. It was erected in the 1900s based on a building from the early 19th century. This is a two-story stone house with a basement, the first floor of which is clad in beautiful glazed tiles, while the second, smooth, is decorated with plaster elements in an eclectic style.

The building of trading shops, built in 1863, is located at Friedrich Engels Street, house 25, building 3. Initially, it was a one-story building with large arched windows, a passage arch, and facades in the style of late classicism. The historical design of the main facade has been preserved to this day, except for the partial bricking up of large display windows, where smaller windows were installed. The passage arch was also closed, and a door opening was made in its place. In the 20th century, the building was divided into two floors.

The German Settlement was founded on the right bank of the Yauza River in 1652 by the decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. The tsar ordered all foreigners who had not accepted Orthodoxy to settle here. The new settlement was predominantly built with wooden houses, and plots were allocated depending on the position, occupation, or wealth of a person. A key place in the future district of Moscow became Bolshaya Street, later renamed German Street, and in 1922, Baumanskaya. Here, mainly officers from England, Scotland, Germany, and other countries, who were in the service of the tsar, lived.

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