The Yeltsin Center, opened in 2015, is a cultural, educational, and enlightenment complex dedicated to the history of Russia. Here, visitors can immerse themselves in the atmosphere of the 1990s, a pivotal time for the country and the global geopolitical landscape. The exhibition reflects the collapse of the Communist Party, the formation of a new way of life, reforms, and crises, presented through archival and multimedia materials. High-tech information equipment is combined with collections of authentic items from that era.
Before visiting the exhibition, guests must pass through metal detectors, and bags are checked by a scanner, similar to an airport. At the entrance stands a GAZ-14 'Chaika' car, which Boris Yeltsin received for official use in 1983 when he was the first secretary of the Sverdlovsk regional committee. An armored government limousine ZIL 41052 from the special garage, which the first Russian president used until his resignation, is also on display. The interior is equipped with bulletproof glass and systems for protection against radiation and eavesdropping. Nearby is an exhibition of gifts to the President of the Russian Federation.
The center has a total of nine halls. 'The Labyrinth of Russian History' covers the period from 1914 to 1987 and introduces visitors to the daily life of the Yeltsin family. Before entering, guests watch a three-minute animated film featuring the main characters, rulers of Russia, starting with Ivan the Terrible. The stands display photographs, posters, and clips from feature films. In conclusion, there is a handwritten message to Mikhail Gorbachev, in which Boris Yeltsin, as the first secretary of the Moscow city committee of the Communist Party, calls for the acceleration of perestroika.
The next seven halls are dedicated to key events in the collapse of the Soviet Union. They are united under the title 'Seven Days that Changed Russia,' a concept developed by filmmaker Pavel Lungin.
The first day, 'We Are Waiting for Changes!', recreates the atmosphere of the Kremlin hall with the USSR coat of arms, a podium, and carpeted walkways, where on October 22, 1987, Boris Yeltsin delivered his famous speech at the plenum of the Central Committee. Visitors can listen to an audio recording of the speech. Portraits of Politburo members with critical remarks about Yeltsin hang on the walls. A real trolleybus with views of Moscow from the windows is also on display, where visitors can take a seat as a passenger or driver. The party leader occasionally used public transport like an ordinary resident of the capital. The exhibition includes information about literature, films, rock music, theaters, and festivals of the late 1980s and early 1990s. By putting on headphones, one can watch clips of a concert by the band 'Kino' and listen to Viktor Tsoi's song, which became the slogan of a generation.
The second day, 'The August Coup,' reproduces the setting of a Soviet apartment with a wall unit, a Persian carpet, and a sofa. The calendar shows August 19, 1991. On television, the ballet 'Swan Lake' is playing, and Central Television announcers are reporting the news. A rotary phone rings, and by picking up the receiver, one can hear alarming messages. Opening a door, visitors find themselves on the barricades, where video footage of events in central Moscow and addresses from the organizers of the State Committee for the State of Emergency (GKChP) are displayed. The museum exhibits a tricolor flag raised over the Kremlin, a guitar belonging to Dmitry Komar, who died under a tank, a police shield 'Vitraj-AT,' and a dictaphone from a defender of the White House. The process of the separation of former union republics is described in detail.
The third day, 'Unpopular Measures,' is dedicated to the food crisis after the collapse of the USSR. In a hall designed to look like a store with empty shelves, ration cards and 'customer cards' of Naina Yeltsina are displayed. On the showcase, there is a salad of seaweed 'Far Eastern' and birch sap in three-liter jars. The exhibition includes video equipment, tapes, a 'Dendy' console, the game 'Tetris,' privatization checks, and TV series. Holograms of members of the Gaidar government discuss economic prospects.
The fourth day, 'The Birth of the Constitution,' shows the attempted coup after the 1993 referendum when the country was on the brink of civil war. The studio of the Ostankino television center, stormed by rebels, is recreated, where famous people read articles from the Constitution.
The fifth day, 'Vote or Lose,' is dedicated to the 1996 election campaign when the headquarters was equipped with personal computers. Campaign materials and ballots are collected here. The text of the oath and the sign of the President of the Russian Federation are also displayed. The exhibition tells about the war in Chechnya and includes dolls from an NTV program.
The sixth day, 'Presidential Marathon,' shows Boris Yeltsin after heart surgery, continuing to lead the country. Photographs capture his meetings with politicians. In the recording studio, visitors can dictate their radio address to the nation. Diagrams with economic indicators are disheartening, recalling the default of 1998. The 'nuclear briefcase' draws particular interest. Through binoculars, one can view the city and the Iset River.
The seventh day, 'Farewell to the Kremlin,' recreates the president's office in the Kremlin. The last New Year's address of Boris Yeltsin to the Russians on the eve of 2000, when he renounced power, saying, 'I am leaving,' is played. In a glass cabinet, there are a work book, a pension certificate, and award sheets.
The Freedom Hall is intended for discussions about human rights in modern Russia. Zones with screens allow visitors to learn about the interpretation of the word 'freedom' by famous personalities and record their statements on topics: 'Freedom of Entrepreneurship,' 'Freedom of Movement,' 'Freedom of Assembly and Associations,' 'Freedom of Thought and Speech,' 'Freedom of Conscience.'
On the second floor of the museum, in the center of the hall, there is a life-sized sculpture of Boris Yeltsin sitting on a bench, where visitors love to take selfies. In front of the building stands a 10-meter monument to Yeltsin made of white marble. In the evening, the facade transforms into a media gallery.
The Yeltsin Center complex features scientific and exhibition spaces, rooms for lectures, film screenings, and concerts. The presidential center actively participates in cultural events at the city, Russian, and international levels, including 'Library Night' and 'Museum Night.'
The art gallery offers art platform projects, exhibitions, workshops, and photo biennials.
The documentary cinema center includes a cinema conference hall and venues for film screenings, round tables, discussions, conferences, and scientific and cultural festivals.
The atrium is a versatile space for museum projects, video screenings on a large screen, interactive activities, intellectual games, and creative meetings.
The educational center conducts public lectures, seminars, educational quest games, workshops, and enlightenment programs. On the third floor, the Newton Park science museum organizes scientific and entertaining events for children.
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