The I. A. Bunin Museum is dedicated to the life and work of the Russian writer and poet, a Nobel Prize laureate in literature. In the mid-1950s, after a long period of oblivion, the return of his literary heritage to Russia began. In 1957, a hall dedicated to I. A. Bunin was opened in the Museum of Oryol Writers. Oryol houses the largest collection, including materials from family and pre-revolutionary archives, manuscripts, letters, documents, books, and personal belongings of the writer. The collection was supplemented with items related to his life in emigration, including personal belongings and furniture from his Paris apartment, where he lived from 1920 to 1953. On December 10, 1991, the Bunin Museum opened in Oryol, in an old noble mansion on Georgievsky Lane.

The literary and memorial exhibition of the museum tells about the writer's creative path from a correspondent for the newspaper 'Oryol Herald' to a recognized classic. The first hall features photographs of the Bunin family, documents from the family archive, and the family coat of arms. Other halls are dedicated to the Oryol period of his life and the years in emigration, as well as the theme 'Bunin's Literary Heritage in Russian and World Culture of the 20th and 21st Centuries.' The museum has a reading room where researchers can work with books from the collection of American professor S. P. Kryzhitsky, who studies Bunin's work. The museum is a branch of the I. S. Turgenev Museum.

While working in Oryol at the 'Oryol Herald,' Bunin frequently changed addresses. In one of his letters to his brother, he mentioned that he settled on Voskresenskaya Street (now Gagarin) in the house of Ponomaryova, in the apartment of Shiffer. On October 22, 1970, a memorial plaque with a bas-relief of the writer and the inscription: 'In this house in 1891 lived the famous Russian writer Ivan Alexeyevich Bunin' was installed on this building (Gagarin St., 3).