Leonid Osipovich Pasternak (April 3, 1862 - May 31, 1945) was a Russian artist who worked in the post-impressionist style. He is also known as the father of poet and writer Boris Pasternak.

Leonid was born in Odessa into an Orthodox Jewish family that claimed descent from Isaac Abravanel, the famous 15th-century Jewish philosopher and treasurer of Portugal, although there is no independent confirmation of this. Leonid's father made a living by renting out a guest house. It was the courtyard of this house with a carriage shed that first awakened Leonid's artistic imagination.

As the youngest of six children, Leonid began drawing at an early age, but the family tried to dissuade him, fearing it would interfere with his studies. The first to support his passion was a local janitor, who began buying his paintings when the boy was only seven years old. From 1879 to 1881, Leonid Pasternak graduated from the Odessa Art School named after Grekov.