The local history museum was founded in 1932, coinciding with the establishment of the city. In 1955, it received its own building, which houses nine spacious exhibition halls. Many residents contributed to the development of the museum by donating various household items and antique objects.

The museum's collection, known as the MBUK 'Dzerzhinsk Local History Museum', includes over 40,000 items in the main fund and about 25,000 items in the scientific auxiliary fund. The museum's fund is divided into collections such as 'Archaeology', 'Ceramics, Porcelain, Glass, Bone', 'Fabrics', 'Wood', 'Metal, Stone', 'Artworks', 'Science and Technology', 'Rare Books', 'Church Cult Objects', as well as 'Manuscripts and Printed Documents' and 'Photos'.