The Morozov Children's Hospital was originally conceived by city authorities, a medical commission, and philanthropists as a modern medical institution, matching the comfort and amenities of European hospitals. Since 1904, all buildings were equipped with electric lighting. The design of the complex included a separate building for the boiler house and service departments. In the early 20th-century blueprints preserved in the archive of the Moscow Department of Cultural Heritage, this building is marked as the Boiler House.

The Morozov Hospital had central steam-water heating. Hot steam was supplied to all buildings from a central boiler house located behind the hospital kitchen, in the right row of the complex.

The boiler house is the only building in the hospital ensemble designed in the style of industrial architecture from the late 19th to early 20th century. It is adorned with Gothic elements but decorated in the Art Nouveau style, allowing it to harmoniously fit into the overall ensemble of the hospital.

The height of the building gradually increases from the edges to the center, where it becomes two stories high. The facade is divided by vertical accents into five bays, reflecting the composition of European Gothic cathedrals, characteristic of Russian industrial architecture. The large glazed windows of the main facade also evoke this architectural trend.

The central bay is wider than the others, allowing for a triple vertical window, while the other bays have single windows. At the top of the central bay is an elegant arcade. The facade is enlivened by two round windows in the side bays, referencing Gothic prototypes. The stepped cornice along the sloped roof is also noteworthy.

The blend of neo-Gothic and modernist motifs in this building does not create dissonance; the structure appears organic and expressive. This unusual architectural solution adds variety to the hospital ensemble without disrupting its stylistic integrity.